Journey of a Thousand Miles

Free Books for Prisoners

2012-01-21T13:25:00.000-08:00

Over the years, I have seen the Tao change lives again and again. People who study it with an open mind, and put its lessons into actual practice, invariably experience profound life transformations.

That is why I want to make Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained, The Tao of Daily Life, The Tao of Success, and The Tao of Joy Every Day available free of charge to incarcerated individuals, and also to at-risk youths in juvenile detention facilities. If you know of someone in that situation who may be interested in the Tao, please contact me through the Tea House forum.

Prior to contacting me, please give some thought as to which of the books will, in your opinion, be the most beneficial to the person you wish to help. People have different learning styles. Sometimes they know what they want; other times you may have to help them decide.

In the past, I've had packages returned to me because many facilities have rules where an inmate must fill out a form to request the book before it can be received. If this is the case for the inmate you know, please have him or her start the paperwork right away. I can send the book as soon as the request is approved.

There are no shipping fees or handling charges. I will pay for everything. Also, please note that if you are not yourself incarcerated, I cannot send the book to you and have you pass it on to the recipient. Please send me the name and present location, and I will ship the book directly there.

Please see the following links for more information:

The Value of the Tao

2011-12-10T11:38:00.000-08:00

In the Tao Te Ching, Lao Tzu describes the Tao as the value beyond value, with a price beyond price. Even the coronation of the emperor, the ceremony of the utmost honor in ancient China, could not compare to the simple joy of being seated in the Tao.

What makes the Tao so special? Authentic traditions of the Tao emphasize practical teachings that anyone can follow, so we cannot stop at simplistic slogans like “the Tao is priceless.” We also cannot avoid answering the question with glib statements like “the specialness of the Tao cannot be expressed with words.” We have to examine the how and why to illuminate and clarify. There are no formal guidelines on how to conduct such an examination, but we can begin by considering the following:

1. Connecting with the truth

One way to see the value of the Tao is to recall what happens when you connect with a great truth. It is an unmistakable moment, because the truth reaches deeply into you to resonate with incredible power. It can move you to tears. It can make you jump for joy. It can shake you up with the shock of recognition. In that moment, you realize that the Tao is both the path that leads us to the truth, and the essence of the truth itself.

2. Harmonizing with others

Another way to see the value of the Tao is to recall what happens when you connect with a kindred spirit. This may be an old friend, or someone you have just met. When you establish rapport with this person, you can feel your spiritual energies harmonizing with one another. Hours elapse as the conversation flows. When you finally emerge from it, you are surprised by the amount of time that has passed. You have just experienced the effortless and eternal nature of the Tao.

3. Tapping into the source

The Tao is the ultimate source of creation. It is the field of infinite possibilities poised to manifest as actualities. You possess the same power at the human scale, because the Tao within you is the same Tao underlying all of reality. The universe expresses it as the birth of stars and galaxies; you express it as creativity at work and at play. Those who understand this will never experience writer’s block or run out of ideas. They know the Tao is a limitless source that they can tap into whenever they want. This is all about the value of new perspectives, paradigm shifts and innovations.

4. Living life with wisdom

The Tao isn’t just about being creative. It also has a practical aspect that is meant to be applied in everyday living. Those who do not understand think the Tao is only about the ethereal mysteries of the spiritual realm; those who do understand know it is every bit as concerned about all the mundane details in the material world. It is not just about learning from saints and sages; it is just as much about dealing with fellow human beings at their best and worst. You do not need to wait until the hereafter to reap the benefits of Tao cultivation. Its value is real and tangible in the here and now.

5. Transforming the self

If you have kept yourself on the path for an extended period of time, you will find yourself changing for the better. You may not notice at first because the changes are gradual and imperceptible. You may think there is nothing different about you, but positive transformation is an inevitable result of Tao cultivation. You may find others commenting on you being more composed and more at ease even in difficult situations. People who have not seen you in a while may remark on the difference they see in you. These are real changes that will last you a lifetime, and the benefits they bring you are but a small part in the value of the Tao.

6. Offering a helping hand

The more people notice the change in you, the more curious they become. After a while, when they are certain it isn’t just a temporary phase you go through, they will want to learn from you. As they approach with questions, you find yourself in a position to share the Tao. It is a position of great honor, and there is nothing more satisfying than to offer a helping hand when someone needs it the most. It dawns on you that the Tao isn’t just about making a difference in your life. It is also about making a difference in the world. The Tao is the path of service, and therein lies its true value.

The above are six finite ways to see the infinite value of something beyond all limits. They offer only a suggestion, a fleeting glimpse, a rough outline. To see more of the grand vision, you need to explore on your own. Just as the Tao transcends all limits, so are the ways to experience its value. What makes the Tao so special? What makes it so valuable to you? The answers are out there, waiting for your discovery.

Success and the Tao

2011-02-27T21:44:00.000-08:00

Question

Derek, the title of your new book, The Tao of Success, is a bit puzzling to me. Shouldn’t the Tao be more about spirituality rather than the pursuit of success?

Answer

The book addresses this question in its introduction, so the best way for me to answer is to present an excerpt from the relevant section:

There are those who feel strongly that the Tao is diametrically opposed to the quest for lifelong success. They may have studied Eastern philosophy previously, and some of them may say, “there is no success or failure in the Tao” or “ultimately, success has no meaning” or “there is nothing to do in seeking success, because you are already successful.”

These expressions all seem quite profound, and yet if you delve into Chinese culture, you will discover that there are no common sayings that match them. The Chinese people are very much success-oriented. They will gladly discuss cheng gong zhi dao (the Tao of success) with you, but if you try to convince them that it is ultimately meaningless, you will only puzzle them. They may point to the parent working hard to build a family, or the kung fu master practicing rigorously for years to perfect a skill. These honorable individuals certainly do not believe they are already successful, or that they have nothing to do.

How can this be? How can Chinese people themselves not understand the basic concept of wu wei, the essence of nonaction in the Tao? Haven’t Taoist thoughts permeated every aspect of the culture for centuries?

The simple answer is that the Tao that is usually presented in the West is not the same as the ubiquitous Tao of the East. The version we see has been distorted by the language barrier. Wu wei does not mean nonaction, and some of the teachings we end up with are more like the fortune cookie or chop suey—widely assumed to be Chinese but are in fact invented in the West.

The truth is that there are deeper teachings of the Tao that go beyond the meaningless nature of everything. Most people never get exposed to them, so some will automatically assume that the lack of meaning must be the highest form of wisdom. In actuality, it is only the entry point.

The Tao tradition has a story that illustrates this:

Once upon a time in ancient China, there was a young man who was so awestruck to learn about the emptiness of existence, he could not stop talking about it. He told anyone who would listen: “When you get to the bottom of it all, you realize nothing has any intrinsic meaning.”

One day, a sage heard him discussing this topic with his friends. “Everything is meaningless,” he insisted. He challenged them to refute his statement, but his reasoning seemed so strong that no one could do it.

The sage joined them and asked the young man: “Why do you suppose that is? Why is everything meaningless?”

The young man said: “Why ask why? Reason is also meaningless. Perhaps there is no reason at all.”

“There is always a reason,” the sage said. “Everything is meaningless because that is exactly how it should be. It has to be that way because its void is what frees you to create your own meaning. The emptiness of a vessel is what gives it usefulness. Existence is a blank slate that invites your creative contribution.”

It was as if a light came on in a dark room. Everyone gained a piece of enlightenment that day. The young man also became aware that he had a lot more to learn. His path on the Tao was just beginning.

It is exactly the same with success. What you have here is an open invitation to create your own meaning and contribute your creativity. Make use of the emptiness and fill it with your unique, personal definition of the good life. Your path on the Tao of success is just beginning.

Same Great Truth

2011-01-09T23:38:00.000-08:00

Therefore the good person
is the teacher of the bad person
The bad person is the resource of the good person
Those who do not value their teachers
And do not love their resources
Although intelligent, they are greatly confused

- Lao Tzu, Tao Te Ching Chapter 27

“I have learned silence from the talkative; tolerance from the intolerant, and kindness from the unkind; yet, strange, I am ungrateful to those teachers.”

- Kahlil Gibran

Different minds, different cultures, different expressions—same great truth.

Killing Plants

2010-07-28T11:52:00.000-07:00

Question

Derek, some of the people who study the Tao are vegetarians and some are not. When I ask those who are about their dietary practice, they tell me they prefer to avoid killing. I respect that, but I also think they contradict themselves, because eating plants is killing, too. You are taking life every time you eat something, whether it is meats or plants, so what's the difference? If you say the difference is suffering, well there are experiments that demonstrate plants also feel pain. Doesn't this prove that life is just life, and in the Tao there really is no distinction whatsoever?

Answer

This idea, that there is no difference, has become a popular meme. It is likely to come up whenever people discuss vegetarianism, whether online or in person.

The authentic Tao is not so much about mystical vagueness as it is about practical, everyday reality, so the first point to consider is whether the idea can survive the real-world test. Compare using a machete to hack away at vines versus puppies. Is it really the same to kill a plant as it is to kill an animal? Can you really convince yourself that there is no difference between the two?

Another angle is to ask if little kids can tell the difference. Children have not yet learned the many methods of rationalization that sophisticated adults employ on a regular basis. If they can tell the difference between killing plants and killing animals while we cannot, then chances are pretty good that we may be using philosophical sophistry to fool ourselves.

Yet another angle is to test the implications of an assertion. If there is no difference between eating plants and animals, then what about the difference between eating animals and humans? We are animals too, so whatever makes us different from cattle would be nothing compared to the difference between beef and broccoli. If everything really is the same, then can you honestly support eating meat but not give cannibalism the same enthusiastic support? Why apply different standards if life is just life and there is no distinction whatsoever?

Also, take a look at the consumption of fruits. Plants use fruits to recruit animal assistance in the hopes of spreading their seeds more widely. Can one really claim that the eating fruits hurts fruit trees? Where is the killing there, exactly? And what about the consumption of leaves?

Lastly, let us address the assertion that plants feel pain. What the experiments actually show is that plants have reactions to external stimuli that are imperceptible to our senses but can be measured by our instruments. Thus, we cannot say that the plants are completely oblivious to being cut down just because we don't hear any screaming. At the same time, we also cannot say that the reactions of plants are the same as the physical pain of animals. It is a stretch to equate the two, and the more one understands the central nervous system and the lack thereof in plants, the more of a stretch it becomes.

The foundation of the Tao paradigm is learning from the patterns we observe. Therefore, we should be wary of accepting assertions blindly, no matter how commonplace such assertions may be. Instead, we should engage the mind in making our own observations, extracting wisdom from the lessons we learn, and remaining truthful to ourselves in the Tao.

The Sage Has No Goals?

2010-04-12T16:59:00.000-07:00

Question

Derek, I love the line in the Tao Te Ching that says, "Because he has no goal in mind, everything he does succeeds." Can you expand on this wisdom, and give us some thoughts on how we can let go of goals?

Answer

Many people express a liking for this idea, and talk about how it is radically different from the Western mindset of endless goal-setting and tiresome to-do lists. However, the truth is that this line is a mistranslation that bears little resemblance to the original Chinese. The idea agrees with how people imagine Eastern philosophy to be, but not what it actually is.

The line comes from a popular translation of chapter 22, and is the last of four lines describing a Tao sage:

Because he doesn't display himself,
people can see his light.
Because he has nothing to prove,
people can trust his words.
Because he doesn't know who he is,
people recognize themselves in him.
Because he has no goal in mind,
everything he does succeeds.

They are supposed to match the following four lines from the original Chinese:

不自見故明
不自是故彰
不自伐故有功
不自矜故長

The abovementioned English version shifts the order around and moves the fourth line to the second position, but even when you take this into account, the translation still fails. The first translated line corresponds with the original, but the other three do not. The original does not speak of goals, success, trust, recognition, or knowing oneself at all. Instead, all four lines describe how a sages does not show off or brag, and therefore becomes well known and enjoys an excellent reputation. Here is what they actually say:

Without flaunting themselves – and so are seen clearly
Without presuming themselves – and so are distinguished
Without praising themselves – and so have merit
Without boasting about themselves – and so are lasting

The line that says "Without praising themselves – and so have merit" is the one that has been mistranslated as "Because he has no goal in mind, everything he does succeeds." The translator, knowing virtually no Chinese, mistakenly uses "goal" for "praise" and "success" for "merit." The result is a sentence that is not even close to the original in meaning, but by a quirk of fate has become embraced by some Western readers.

The larger, more important issue here is that there are no teachings in the Tao tradition that speak against setting goals. Quite the opposite. For instance, Lao Tzu's journey of a thousand miles and tower of nine levels are both metaphors for great goals that require long, sustained work. Chuang Tzu's flight of the giant Peng bird is also a metaphor for an ambitious, awe-inspiring goal. These sages not only want us to have goals, but also encourage us to think big.

If asked about letting go of goals, they would probably point out the paradox that the goal of letting go of goals is itself a goal. Goal-setting is just another tool that we can use to get what we want from life, neither positive nor negative by itself, so there is not much more to it than using the tool in a skillful way. Goals need not be the annoying burdens or traps as some seem to believe... so there is nothing we have to do to "free" ourselves from them.

Homosexuality and the Tao

2009-10-27T11:52:00.001-07:00

Question

Derek, the topic of homosexuality came up the other day as I was discussing the Tao with a group of people. One person said that since homosexual people could not have children naturally, they were against the natural order of the world, and therefore against the Tao.

"It's very simple," he said. "If I put a group of heterosexual people on an island, they will multiply and be fruitful. If I put I put a group of homosexuals there instead, they will die out. So which group is with the Tao and which is against? Isn't it obvious?"

I must say I felt disappointed in hearing this, because I came from a conservative background that condemned homosexuality and hoped the Tao might be different. I need to ask you for a second opinion before I give up completely. Can you confirm that this position against homosexuality is correct according to the Tao?

Answer

What you have described is a fairly common misconception, sometimes expressed by people with a surface-level understanding of the Tao. It seems to make sense at first glance: the male / female pairing is natural, and therefore same-gender pairings must be unnatural. The idea is that the Tao is about yin-yang, not yin-yin or yang-yang.

The first thing to realize when we approach this topic is that while some mainstream religions do condemn homosexuality, the Tao itself does not judge or condemn. The Tao is not human, nor is it a human-like deity, so it can never pass harsh judgements the way that some people do. It is more like natural laws that function without emotional attachments.

The second thing to realize is that there are already myriad things in nature that live out entire lives without producing offspring. If procreation is the yardstick by which to measure naturalness, then one would have to point to all of them as being against the Tao - including heterosexual couples who are infertile or simply do not wish to have children.

The most basic flaw that led to the above conclusion is our incessant focus on the physical. Gender and reproduction are inextricably tied to biology, but is the physical aspect all there is to existence? I would suggest that it is only one aspect of the multidimensional totality. Also, consider the basic truth that the spiritual is far greater than the biological for human beings. One simple example of this is the love between adoptive parents and adopted children. That love is just as real and powerful as anything else. The lack of a biological connection between them makes absolutely no difference at all.

When love exists, nothing else is quite as important, so let us transcend the physical in our thinking. Move to the level of the spiritual and examine the issue there. You'll find that when you strip away all the external layers, the only thing that remains at the core is love in its purest form. This love can express itself in many different ways. That expression, among consenting individuals, flows in perfect alignment with the Tao regardless of the way it manifests.

So is there anything that flows out of alignment with the Tao? Yes, but it has nothing to do with gender or reproductive ability. That which goes against the Tao is the antithesis of love: fear, loathing, hatred. In the material world, we recognize it in one of its many forms as homophobia and prejudice.

Next time people bring up this topic, let them know the truth. What goes with or against the Tao has nothing to do with the gender of your life partner. It has everything to do with our natural wish to manifest our highest, most loving and kindest selves. Let us be careful in handling the distorted ideas that try to take us away from that ideal.

Having More

2009-08-15T19:38:00.000-07:00

Recently, I chatted with a friend I hadn't seen in a while. He was an entrepreneur, so I asked him about his business.

"It's doing extremely well." He perked up: "We are growing, and I am hiring more people while my competitors are downsizing."

"That is great news," I congratulated him. "It must be satisfying to run a successful company, especially in this economy."

"Well... believe it or not, it's quite the opposite." He winced: "At the moment I am actually feeling more frustration than satisfaction."

"Why?" I was curious: "What can be so frustrating about a company that is doing well?"

"It's not so much the company but the people in it - my employees!" He explained: "The thing that really bugs me is seeing them do so little with their lives. I'm always looking to better myself by reading books and learning more about business. They go home and vegetate in front of the TV, or they go out partying and get drunk. Where they are today is exactly where they were when I hired them years ago. They have not advanced themselves in any way. It's such a waste of time and potential."

"What makes them that way?" I asked: "What do they lack so that they end up wasting time and potential?"

He paused for a moment. "Motivation perhaps. Or, maybe they just don't realize that life is short and we have to make the most of what we have."

"We can call that clarity, in the sense that they are not seeing the finite duration of life clearly."

"Yes, that would be accurate," he nodded. "They don't have enough motivation and clarity, and that is why they waste their time and potential. Is there a Tao teaching that will help me not feel so frustrated with them?"

"There is - the same teaching as the one for people who are highly intelligent, and become arrogant or impatient with those who are not as smart as they are."

He was puzzled: "Isn't that humility? I don't see the connection at all."

"Take a look at chapter 2 of the Tao Te Ching." I pointed out the relevant passage to him:

Long and short reveal each other
High and low support each other

"I remember your lecture on this," he searched his memory. "You said it was about things being relative to one another, and how every description gave rise to its opposite, like the complementary pair of yin and yang."

"Excellent!" I encouraged him: "Now apply that concept to what you just described. If some of your employees have less motivation and clarity, it must mean that you have more."

"Sure, that makes sense."

"If it were the other way around - they have more and you have less, then it may be that your situation today would be the exact opposite. You may be working for them instead of them working for you, and they may be feeling frustrated with you right now about your lack of motivation and clarity."

"Yes... that makes sense also."

"So how is it that you have more and they have less?" I asked. "We don't get to decide how much talent we should receive before being born. If we have more of a particular thing, it is only because we were given more of it, whatever it is. Thus, having more is essentially an arbitrary stroke of luck."

"Interesting," he turned the concept over in his mind. "I guess I've never thought of it that way."

"What this means is that when you have more of a good thing and others have less, the Tao perspective is not that you should feel arrogant because you are superior to them, nor frustrated because you are impatient with them. Rather, the idea is to recognize your abundance as the perfect reason to feel grateful. You were never entitled to more, and yet you ended up with more. Is this not the most remarkable good fortune for which we should feel the utmost gratitude?"

My friend sat stunned. "I guess I've never thought of it that way either," he shook his head in amazement. "Wow!"

Once explained, this teaching seems so simple and obvious, and yet we may never realize it on our own without guidance. This is why we see so many people out there feeling negative emotions against others. They suffer from their negativity because they have never learned to always look at it from the perspective of the Tao. That perspective has the power to transform annoyance into appreciation in an instant!

Change in an Instant?

2009-07-03T09:17:00.000-07:00

Question

Derek, I understand your point about chapter 64 of the Tao Te Ching - you have explained that great changes are made slowly, as gradual accumulations from many small steps. However, this seems to contradict self-help books and gurus who claim that change can happen in an instant. Shouldn't Tao teachings also include this possibility of the sudden change?

Answer

I would like to caution you against teachings that promise instantaneous life-enhancing changes. I have seen quite a few friends distracted by such promises, only to end up disappointed.

The "change can happen in an instant" school of thought has a major weakness in that the positive changes people want can easily fall into the "easy come, easy go" category. For example, look at the people who slim down using a fad diet, only to regain the weight later. In their case, it is obvious that the positive change does not endure.

The teaching of the Tao says: "If it does not last, it is not the Tao." This makes sense, since the Tao is defined as the eternal, everlasting principle. We can extrapolate from there to see that a real change must be something that is accomplished gradually.

This is how things are done in nature, even when it may not seem that way sometimes. Think about something like a flash of lightning. We're tempted to think of it as a sudden and dramatic change, until we understand that in order for that lightning to manifest, there has to be gradual buildup of electric energy well in advance of the massive discharge. Although the ancient Chinese sages did not know much about electricity, they could and did observe the gathering of storm clouds, and they arrived at the exact same conclusion.

This is why Lao Tzu wrote:

A tree thick enough to embrace
Grows from a tiny sapling

He understood that although one could not perceive the growth of a tree from one day to the next, over a period of time, the imperceptible increments would add up to a towering, majestic tree.

Use this as inspiration to embark on a path of gradual transformation for yourself. You will feel the change within you, even if it may not be apparent to others. One day, your friends will suddenly realize that you are no longer the same person they knew before. That realization will hit them like a flash of lightning.

Human Being or Human Doing?

2009-05-10T21:59:00.000-07:00

Question

Derek, last week I heard a spiritual guru say: "Remember, you are a human being, not a human doing. This is the highest wisdom of the Tao."

I thought this was good advice, but I did not know it was a Tao expression. I did some research, but was unable to find any references to it in Tao literature. Can you help me get more information?

Answer

The expression itself does not come from Tao teachings or Chinese culture. The wordplay on "human being" is specific to the English language. It is one of the many lines in the repertoire of motivational speakers, similar to "Luck means Living Under Correct Knowledge" and "the best way to handle procrastination is to put it off."

The meaning of the expression, of course, is that we are often too stressed out by the many things we think we have to do. We need to take a step back from all the frantic doing and spend a moment just being. We can simply be in many different ways: meditation, prayer, or just a quiet moment alone.

The closest match to this idea in Tao teachings is wu wei, which some have translated as "non-action" but is actually closer to "minimal action" or "unattached action." The concept is not that we should not do anything at all, but that we can often achieve more by doing less when our actions are in alignment with the Tao.

Does this match with wu wei mean that the idea behind "human being, not human doing" is indeed the highest wisdom of the Tao, as the guru claims? No, not quite. It is good advice (as you have noted) that can get people to realize that they are rushing around unnecessarily. As such, it is an excellent tonic for our busy modern lives, but it is only a basic concept from the Tao perspective.

What, then, would be the highest wisdom of the Tao? In order to explore this question, we should realize that either-or choices are often illusory. That is certainly the case here, because it is much more accurate to say you are both a human being and a human doing. You embody not only the states of being but also the dynamics of action. There is no need to deny either.

Consider these two aspects as a manifestation of yin and yang within you. They are complements that support one another. The "being" part of life - relaxing, resting, recuperating - is the yin that recharges your batteries for yang, the "doing" part. Conversely, after an honest day's work, the good job you have done gives you the satisfaction and peace of mind to fully enjoy being together with friends and loved ones. The two give rise to one another and need to be kept in balance.

In this respect, the sages follow nature. They see the patterns of nature where activities such as wind and rain are invariably followed by calmness. They also see that calmness, just like activities, cannot last forever either. The two alternate back and forth. In emulation of this, the sages see both "being" and "doing" in themselves. They are capable of stillness and silence, but just as the ocean cannot always be at peace and the lake cannot always be placid, they are also capable of diligent work and meaningful actions.

Just as the sages emulate nature, we can emulate their wisdom. Next time you hear someone say "human being, not human doing," give yourself a little smile. You understand the basic level of the Tao is that one should slow down and take a pause that refreshes. At the same time, you also understand the higher level where you can embrace being and doing. When it comes to life, both are essential!

The Tao and the Negative Aspects of Life

2009-04-11T18:13:00.000-07:00

Question

Derek, the Tao is all-encompassing, so even the extremes are included within the whole, including all the negative things in life. So is it wrong for somebody to defend their own hurtful actions as being a legitimate part of the Tao? How would one reason against this line of thinking?

Answer

This is a common problem in the serious study of spirituality. Fortunately, there is a solution that is as simple as the great truths of the Tao. I've written about it in the introduction of Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained. Here is a summary:

Imagine yourself hiking in the forest. As you look around, you see that you can go off in any direction you want.

Visualize yourself in the journey of life. Just like the hiker in the forest, you can choose from many different directions. The Tao is truly all-encompassing and includes all the choices you can possibly make.

Having had some experience with hiking, you've learned that the paths are not at all the same. Some lead to dead ends, some lead to hazards, and some take you around in a big circle only to bring you back where you started.

It is the same with life. The experience of living has taught you that not all choices are equally sound. Some of them don't take you anywhere. You know you are free to choose a path of conflict if you wish, but this would not be in your best interest, because such paths terminate in the dead end of meaningless rage and needless suffering.

When you talk about "the way" in the forest, you do not necessarily mean all the different paths you can take. From a practical perspective, you are most interested in the handful of paths that will take you where you really want to go.

Similarly, when Lao Tzu speaks of the Tao of existence, he is not necessarily talking about all the possible choices, positive and negative, that one can make in life. From a practical perspective, he focuses on the way of harmony, because that is the one proven path toward fellowship and fulfillment.

Most people already have an intuitive grasp of this. When Jesus said "I am the way", people understood he meant the way of love, not the way of hatred. If a friend tells you he's lost his way, you know he wants to regain a sense of meaning in life, and does not want to drift in a random direction without purpose.

This intuition informs you, quite accurately, that although "Tao" can be used to mean the all-inclusive totality of everything, when we zoom in on the Tao of life, we are actually not including all the harmful things that lead to strife and suffering.

If this is hard to grasp, imagine being lost in the forest and coming across someone who says, "I know the way." You know he's not talking about the totality of all the hiking trails. He's refering to a specific way out of confusion and disorientation. When we talk about "knowing the Tao" or "having the Tao," our meaning is the same. We are not refering to the Tao of all possible paths, but the Tao that saves you from being lost and confused in life.

This is how Lao Tzu expresses the Tao as well. It is why chapter 53 of the Tao Te Ching identifies negative and harmful things like corrupt politicians, gluttony, greed, and robbery as being not the Tao and excluded from the Tao. Lao Tzu's understanding is precisely aligned with our intuition.

The Tao of Giving

2008-10-22T13:18:00.001-07:00

Question

Derek, as the holiday season approaches, I find myself facing the fact that I won't be able to give presents like I always have in previous years, because my personal finance has been severely impacted by the economy. How can I follow my intent to give generously to others when I don't have the means to do so? Is there a teaching in the Tao that can help me?

Answer

The Tao focuses on the essence of giving rather than the monetary value of the gift. Often, in our consumer society, we feel as if spending money on presents makes giving meaningful, but nothing can be further from the truth. We forget that we all have the ability to give presents that carry no price tags, and yet possess value beyond price.

As the economy worsens, it becomes particularly important for us to remind ourselves of this truth. Consider the following priceless presents – which ones will you give?

The gift of smile. When you greet people, why not give them a smile from the heart? It takes no work at all to transform an indifferent expression to something that will make someone's day a little brighter.
The gift of connection. Maintain eye contact when you speak with others. This is a simple decision that requires little effort, and yet it can make a huge difference in your communication.
The gift of kindness. A sincere expression of gratitude, encouragement or praise may not seem like much, but its impact on another soul can go well beyond your expectations.
The gift of assistance. Sometimes, all it takes is a helping hand, or just the offer to help. It may be holding the door open for someone or volunteering in your community. Even a small gesture of aid can make all the difference in the world, not only to the people you help, but also to you.
The gift of empathy. Put yourself in the other person's shoes. What must they be thinking? What must they be feeling? This can be a very powerful gift, because so often people want nothing more than to be understood.
The gift of time. Consider spending quality time with friends and loved ones. For instance, rather than giving kids toys, gadgets or video games, make a real effort to be with them. Tell stories; build something together; create memories to last for a lifetime - this gift has a value that is infinitely greater than any material present!

The Tao teaches that you already have everything you need. In this case, it means you already have an unlimited supply of the greatest presents to give to others. Wouldn't it be a terrible waste to not make use of them? As the holiday season approaches, let us all focus on this teaching – the Tao of Giving.

www.Taoism.net

How do you say "Tao"?

2008-10-21T15:27:00.000-07:00

Question

Derek, I am currently studying Tao philosophy under a Tai Chi instructor. I noticed he always pronounced "Tao" like the first sound of "dowel" instead of "towel," so I asked him why. He said that was how he learned it from his master in China, but he was not sure why it had to be that way. I googled for more information but was unable to find anything. Do you have any insights on this that you can share with us?

Answer

The confusion started way back in the days when Europeans were trying to figure out Chinese. The year was 1842, and a young man by the name of Thomas Francis Wade found himself in Hong Kong as a lieutenant in the British Army.

Wade had a gift for languages and it enabled him to pick up Cantonese quickly. No one knew much about Chinese at the time, so his talent elevated him through the ranks, and soon his role transitioned from soldier to interpreter, and then to diplomat.

Wade continued to learn Chinese while working in the British embassy in China. In order to facilitate his studies, he created for his own use a system to denote Chinese sounds with Latin letters. He was the first to attempt such a system, so the lack of prior art and his own imperfect understanding caused him to make several missteps in its design.

Perhaps the worst was that he decided to reserve letters like d, b, j, and g for later use. He knew there were many dialects in China, so he wanted to be conservative in assigning consonants. This forced him to double up on the use of the letters t, p, ch, and k. For instance, in order the signify the t sound, his rule was to write it like t'ao (with an apostrophe) and pronounce it like the first part of "towel." For the d sound, his rule was to write it like tao (without the apostrophe) and pronounce it like the first part of "dowel."

Although he meant well, this rule would cause endless confusion in later generations. Wade died in 1895 without ever finding a way to use d, b, j, and g. Reserving these letters turned out to be completely unnecessary, but by then it was too late. His provisional system had become the accepted standard, with its innovations as well as flaws.

Outside of the most specialized circles in academia, very few people understood that Wade's system mandated special pronunciations unlike any other usage in the English language. Thus, most people pronounced Tao like "towel" without realizing that it was originally meant to be like "dowel." Over time, the mistake became the accepted norm, so now both pronunciations appear in the dictionary.

We have an opportunity to set the record straight. We can continue to spell "Tao Te Ching" in its present form, because it is already part of the English language and thousands of books have been written about it. At the same time, we should also train ourselves to pronounce it like "Dao De Jing," in order to demonstrate the correct understanding of the actual sounds, and the subtleties of Chinese-to-English transliteration.

This extra bit of understanding can be useful. Next time you encounter people who claim to be experts in the Tao, listen carefully to how they sound out the word. Do they know how to say it correctly? If so, do they know the reason behind it? This can be a fun way to quickly assess how well they live up to their claims.

www.Taoism.net

Tardiness and the Tao

2008-10-20T20:47:00.001-07:00

Question

Derek, I have a friend who is always late. He studies the Tao and says he is only following his nature. For him, rushing to be on time is going against the flow and completely unnecessary. I have a feeling there is something wrong with his reasoning, but it does sound pretty convincing. What do you think?

Answer

I had a friend like that too. He used to meditate first thing in the morning, and he would always say: "If I'm late to a meeting, then I'm going to be even later, because before I attend a meeting with others I must hold a meeting with myself."

The problem was that he had a partial understanding of the Tao which led him astray, and the same is true of your friend. Usually, people who think as they do are highly intelligent, but their intelligence can work against them and keep them from seeing the issue clearly.

When you are alone and your actions affect no one else, the Tao that is present revolves around you. It is all about solitude, reflection, and introspection. If you break a promise to yourself, it is no one else's business. You have every freedom to follow any impulse as you see fit.

As soon as another person comes into the picture, the Tao is no longer solitary. It immediately changes into the Tao as depicted in the yin and yang symbol, where the curve in the middle means dynamic interaction – the exchange of energy between two parties.

From experience and observation, ancient sages knew that such interactions could be constructive or destructive, harmonious or chaotic. They identified one crucial factor that towered above all others in making the difference: respect. If mutual respect was present in an interaction, harmony would prevail. If not, then chaos reigned, thereby producing discomfort, anger – sometimes even bickering and escalating conflict.

Now you can see what is really going on. Your friend understands the solitary Tao but not the interacting Tao. He applies the rules governing the former to the latter. By being tardy, he demonstrates a lack of regard for the other person's time and thinks nothing of wasting it. This injects disrespect into the energy exchange, and turns a potentially constructive harmony into something negative and destructive.

This is why people who really understand the Tao always make an honest effort to be punctual. Those who do not will always use the Tao as a justification for their inconsiderate behavior. You may not be able to articulate your reasons for disagreeing with your friend, but your feeling is correct. You are aligned with the Tao deep within, and this alignment has not been twisted by sophistry. Cherish your inner voice and always listen to it – it is the truest master of all.

www.Taoism.net

Sun Tzu and the Tao

2008-09-29T14:24:00.000-07:00

Question: Derek, I am currently reading Sun Tzu, and I am wondering how it is connected to the Tao. I think the title "The Art of War" may be an important clue, because the Tao is all about the art of living, and war is part of life. Am I on the right track?

Answer: Actually, the original title of the work, Sun Zi Bing Fa, means "Sun Tzu's Military Principles." There is nothing in it that can be translated as "art." Thus, the title we all know so well today is actually a distortion created by early scholars.

This does not mean you are wrong to connect Sun Tzu to the Tao. The connection is real, and also quite profound. Althought Sun Tzu seems to talk about the art of waging war, his ultimate message is actually the art of not fighting. He distills this essence in writing the following lines:

Therefore, a hundred victories in a hundred battles
Is not the best of the best
The military that can defeat others without battle
Is the best of the best

This resonates powerfully with Lao Tzu's message, which is clearly expressed in chapter 30 of the Tao Te Ching:

The one who uses the Tao to advise the ruler
Does not dominate the world with soldiers
Such methods tend to be returned

The place where the troops camp
Thistles and thorns grow
Following the great army
There must be an inauspicious year

A good commander achieves result, then stops
And does not dare to reach for domination
Achieves result but does not brag
Achieves result but does not flaunt
Achieves result but is not arrogant
Achieves result but only out of necessity
Achieves result but does not dominate

...and also in chapter 31:

A strong military, a tool of misfortune
All things detest it
Therefore, those who possess the Tao avoid it
Honorable gentlemen, while at home, value the left
When deploying the military, value the right

The military is a tool of misfortune
Not the tool of honorable gentlemen
When using it out of necessity
Calm detachment should be above all
Victorious but without glory
Those who glorify
Are delighting in the killing
Those who delight in killing
Cannot achieve their ambitions upon the world

Both Sun Tzu and Lao Tzu are describing the warriors of the Tao – knights of honor who are as devastating in combat as they are reluctant to fight. They are the rare few who understand from studying the Tao that the most powerful weapon of all is not the instrument of warfare... but the hand of friendship.

The Tao Follows Nature

2008-09-12T12:52:00.000-07:00

Question: Derek, what is the real meaning of dao fa zi ran? The translation I have says "the Tao follows itself." Is this correct?

Answer: This is an important phrase that comes from chapter 25 of the Tao Te Ching. Let's take a closer look at its four characters.

Dao is the new romanization for the Tao. Fa has multiple definitions, but in this context it means to follow or to model after. Put these two together and we can see that the first half of your translation is correct.

Zi ran means nature or natural. Therefore, dao fa zi ran means "the Tao follows nature." We can express this in different ways and still remain faithful to the original: the Tao follows the laws of nature; the Tao follows that which is natural; the method of the Tao is natural, etc.

Some choose to analyze zi ran as two separate characters. Zi means self and ran means correct, or "just so." This leads them to the explanation that naturalness in the Tao means "of itself so." It also leads to the translation that the Tao follows itself.

Many translators accept this, but is it what the original really says? It turns out that analyzing the characters separately may not be necessary at all. In addition to chapter 25, the Tao Te Ching also uses zi ran in chapters 17, 23, 51, and 64. In each usage, the context is always nature or natural, and never "of itself so." There is no particular reason why chapter 25 should be an exception to the rule.

Simplicity is treasured in the Tao. "The Tao follows nature" is simpler because it requires only the basic definition of zi ran. It is also more meaningful. The phrase tells us that the functioning of the Tao must always be consistent with natural laws and universal principles. Miracles in the Tao are not impossibilities resulting from supernatural intervention. Instead, they are achievements within reach of human beings who understand how to work with nature rather than against it.

The last four lines of chapter 25 are as follows:

Humans follow the laws of Earth
Earth follows the laws of Heaven
Heaven follows the laws of Tao
Tao follows the laws of nature

Once we understand Lao Tzu's message, it should become obvious why "the Tao follows iteself" is only a shadow of the real teaching. When we refrain from making things too complicated, we see a clearer image of the Tao - one that also happens to be more practical and applicable to everyday living!

2008-09-05T12:04:00.000-07:00

Translation Differences

Question: Derek, I noticed your translation of the Tao Te Ching has significant differences from other versions. As I study further, I begin to see the underlying truth in your approach, which leads me to suspect that others may be somewhat flawed. Is this a common occurrence? If so, why? Is it because other translators believe differently and let bias get into the work?

Answer: That's certainly possible. We're all human beings, and probably one of the toughest things for any of us is to just be aware that we have blind spots - never mind actually looking into them, and overcoming the "blindness" in one's thinking.

If we survey existing translations, we can see some examples where personal beliefs may have been mixed in with the work:

The translator has studied the concept that everything in the world is ultimately meaningless. This gets weaved into the translation as well as the commentary whenever Lao Tzu talks about emptiness. However, the lack of meaning in everything has never been part of Taoism. It actually comes from the philosophy of nihilism.

The translator believes everyone is already enlightened and everything is already perfect, so there is nothing to do. Therefore, the concept of unattached action, wu wei, becomes distorted as non-action. This misconception may have come from depictions of Asian spirituality in movies; certainly it has embedded itself into the popular consciousness.

The translator may be a staunch supporter of women's rights, and intentionally uses female pronouns "she" and "her" in the translation. This may appeal to some readers, but masks the fact that in the original Chinese, words like "sage" and "ruler" are completely gender-neutral. Forcing a feminist position into the translation is contrived and unnecessary. The Tao Te Ching itself is already the ultimate statement on feminism.

The translator likes the notion of spiritual evolution, and uses it in the translation whenever possible. Thus, the characters for sage, shen ren (literally a divinely wise person), are rendered as "evolved individual" even though the term says nothing about any kind of evolution. It is an addition that is solely based on personal preconception.

Of course, words can never completely describe the Tao, and no translation is perfect. As a native speaker of both Chinese and English, I may be more aware of this than most, since I know not only the overall meaning that can be translated, but also the subtle nuances that cannot. This, however, does not mean we should give up the attempt to translate accurately, and one way to increase accuracy is to eliminate as much personal bias as possible.

Until we are able to get closer to the ideal of accuracy, I still recommend reading multiple translations and let your instincts guide you toward the meaning that resonates with you. Although words are imprecise and imperfect, I believe anyone who spends the time to experience the Tao will be able to sense truth from untruth. Anyone who invests the effort to apply the Tao will be able to reach through the distortions to touch the real essence. In the final analysis, none of the flaws and biases really matter - and that's the beauty of it!

2008-09-03T08:07:00.000-07:00

Introducing the Tao to Friends

Question: Derek, if one is still in the process of learning various lessons in the Tao, what can one do to introduce others to the philosophy in a non-invasive way? I would like to help someone special better understand life, but do not know how to go about it without contrivance. Is there a gentler, subtle way to generate authentic interest in the other person? I'm not a fan of zealotry, but I do honestly think that the Tao could help people.

Answer: Your thoughts on introducing the Tao to others demonstrate great compassion. I have no doubt that the Tao can help them in tremendous ways. In fact, I have personally witnessed friends make incredible changes for the better when they connect with its teachings.

The way of real Tao cultivators may be contrary to expectations. They make no attempt to influence others, either in overt or subtle ways. They do not initiate a discussion on the Tao, nor do they drop hints. Instead, they focus only on what they do. Their actions, behaviors, attitudes all speak louder than words; by saying less and doing more, they actually have a greater effect on people.

You may think friends won't notice what you do unless you point it out to them, but this is where it gets interesting. If you really live the Tao, people will notice, become curious, and approach with questions. Lao Tzu calls this "wordless teaching" and it always works, almost like a law of nature.

If you are not following the Tao correctly, the opposite occurs. People pay no attention to you and have little interest in your ways. It simply won't occur to them to ask you questions about life. Among themselves, they may even dismiss you as being a bit strange.

I know someone who describes a Tai Chi teacher as follows: "He never pushes his beliefs on us, but that only makes us more intrigued to learn more." This teacher is a someone who has attained true mastery in the art of wordless teaching. You can too, with the following three steps:

Be patient. Allow for time to work on yourself, with the understanding that spiritual cultivation won't happen overnight. Transform your desire to share into motivation for bettering yourself.

Be open. When you have elevated yourself to another level, the questions will start coming. Welcome them with a receptive mind. Brushing people off with a false display of modesty would not be your best response here.

Be restrained. Limit the scope of your answer to only the questions asked. Resist the temptation to exploit the opening by talking about everything else you have learned. You'll only overwhelm people and drive them away. Answer the question as clearly and completely as you can; make relevant suggestions to learn more; and then come to a graceful and natural stop.

When you act without contrivance in this manner, you help people without seeming to do anything. You avoid calling attention to yourself, but you end up drawing others closer in spite of it… or perhaps because of it. If you haven't seen someone demonstrate this in real life, its power may surprise you. Give it a try and enjoy the process!

2008-09-01T14:31:00.000-07:00

To Ferry Others

Question: Derek, I keep coming across references to "ferrying people" while studying Eastern philosophy. What does it mean?

Answer: In the Tao, "ferrying people" means helping others reach a better understanding of spiritual truths. The Chinese characters are du ren. The image they evoke is that of a sentient soul on one side of a river, seeking a way to cross it. You come by with your boat and take this person to the other side, thus rendering assistance and creating powerful, positive karma.

The river in this image is our typical human existence, a life that has not completely awakened to the truth of spiritual reality. The opposite shore is the higher state of consciousness, greater awareness and wisdom. Some look across the river longingly but have no means to get across; others may not even realize that there is more to life than the shore where they are still stuck. Either way, the river is a barrier, just as life in the mundane, materialistic world can keep us from discovering spirituality.

Having studied the Tao, you have a boat that allows you to navigate the waters. This boat is the principles of the Tao, a tool that you can use to attain wisdom in life (reach the other side). However, the fact that you possess greater mobility (access to Tao teachings) also means that you have an obligation. Sages and Buddhas all point out that enjoying the teachings alone cannot compare to sharing them with friends. Therefore, you are called upon to help fellow sentient beings by ferrying them across the river.

Once the people you ferry reach the other side, they will also be able to create their own vessels. This allows them to help even more people just as you have helped them. In this manner, the goodness that you have created will multiply indefinitely.

More discussions on the Tao are available at www.taoism.net.

2008-07-14T12:29:00.000-07:00

Thank You!

It's official! The Tao of Daily Life has won the Best Books Award in the Spirituality / Alternative Science category from the Coalition of Visionary Resources. This was announced at the awards banquet of the 2008 International New Age Trade Show in Denver, Colorado:

Announcement from COVR Web Site

I would like to express my gratitude to both COVR and INAT for this great honor. I would also like to thank Joel Fotino, Brian Tart, Sarah Carder, Sarah Litt and everyone else at Penguin / Tarcher who worked tirelessly to turn this book into reality; and of course I must thank Peter and Sandra Riva, literary agents extraordinaire who believed in the book and worked with me every step of the way; and most of all the readers from every corner of the world who supported the message of the Tao even before this book was published. You have made this possible. Thank you!

2008-07-06T07:39:00.000-07:00

Accept Reality or Create Reality?

Question: Derek, you say Tao cultivators accept reality as it is to avoid the pain and trouble of unrealistic expectations... but then in the following paragraph, you say we are ultimately responsible for creating our own reality. So which is it? Acceptance of reality, or creation of reality?

Answer: Great question! Tao cultivators both accept and create reality. This may sound like a paradox, but it really isn't.

Accepting reality in this context does not imply not wanting to change anything. It means, at any given moment, we accept everything exactly as they are.

This may not sound like much, but think about the people who rail against the way things are. They complain bitterly. They wish things can be different. They regret having done something or having neglected to do something. They rage against fate. Thus, they experience bitterness, remorse, resentment and anger. These destructive emotions rob us of the ability to see things clearly, and therefore plan and implement meaningful changes. They are also expenditures of valuable mental energies which can be better directed to more constructive ends.

Therefore, acceptance of reality means you accept that what's done is done as of this point in time. Our good experiences are blessings for which we are grateful. The bad experiences are lesssons we can learn from, so they are also something to appreciate. We recognize that since none of us can travel back in time to change what has already taken place, we may as well make our peace with the universe, and realize that up until this moment, everything has proceeded exactly as it was meant to, and the result is the totality of our present being.

Then, from this mindset of calmness and composure, we can contemplate the next series of questions:

How should my reality be from this moment on?
What kind of reality in my future would give me the most fulfillment and satisfaction?
What exactly do I want my reality to be, if I can create whatever I want?
What will I attempt to achieve, if I know I cannot fail?

Once you have developed fairly good ideas about the above, it's time to think about actively participating in the business of living so you can move closer to your vision. It's time to contemplate actions and changes. Cultivators of the authentic Tao realize that existence is all about the constancy of change, so wanting to make changes isn't "going against nature." Changes will occur - that is an ironclad given we have learned from Tao teachings. The only question is, will they be changes coming from us, or from random external factors?

If this leads you to making a mindful decision to take charge of your destiny, then you are ready to consider the most important question of all: What can I do to direct my destiny along the right path?

When you arrive at this point, you have owned up to your ultimate responsibility to create your reality. You have, essentially, set foot on the Tao that stretches ahead of you into eternity.

2008-06-30T20:46:00.000-07:00

Book Signing

The next book signing is coming right up. If you are not too far away from North Hollywood, I would love to meet you in person. See you there!

Time: Saturday, July 26, 1:00 - 3:00 p.m.
Place: Many Paths Bookstore in North Hollywood

Book Signing Info

2008-06-14T10:16:00.000-07:00

Kung Fu and the Tao

Question: Hello Derek, I've been studying kung fu for the last three years. I bought your books based on my teacher's recommendation. He says understanding the Tao can help me take my martial arts to the next level. I've been reading your stories and find them quite enjoyable, but I don't see how they can help me improve my techniques. My teacher knows I bought your books so he will probably ask me what I think of them. I don't really know what to tell him. Please help!

Answer: Well, I would certainly be very surprised if you did discover secret kung fu techniques in my stories. I believe your teacher is refering to the aspect of kung fu that promotes spiritual growth.

The beginning levels of kung fu may seem like a purely physical discipline, but martial arts experts all tell us that, at the higher levels, you will definitely become aware of the powerful connection between body and mind. I feel certain that your teacher is preparing you mentally and spiritually to enter into a more advanced form of practice.

As coincidence would have it, I have just written a new story where the link between kung fu and the Tao is much more explicit. I hope it will clarify this issue for you. You can find it at the following link:

The Kung Fu School

2008-04-21T17:08:00.000-07:00

Debate

Question : Derek, you have "Those who are good do not debate / Those who debate are not good" in your translation of chapter 81. Are you sure "debate" is the right word? I do not see debate as a bad thing. Historically, rigorous debates have always been the basis of our scientific advances as well as our democracy. Other translations use "argue" instead of "debate." Wouldn't that be more correct?

Answer: The Chinese character in the original text is bian, which has a meaning that is much closer to "debate" than anything else. To those who study the Tao Te Ching from the Chinese cultural perspective, Lao Tzu's position against debates comes as no surprise, because it is consistent with his overall objection against too much reliance on intellectuality. It is also perfectly consistent with traditional Asian cultures that emphasize the importance of harmony.

By comparison, Western cultures have more affinity to conflict. Perhaps this is why the usage of "debate" doesn't seem right to you. Perhaps it is also why some translators use "argue" instead - their thinking may be similar to yours, so they choose to soften Lao Tzu's position against debates, thereby distorting the original meaning.

In theory, debates seem like they can be a very constructive thing. However, when Tao sages observe personal debates in practical, everyday reality, they notice much more harmful effects. Instead of achieving consensus, both sides become ever more entrenched in their beliefs. The participants expend a tremendous amount of effort, but accomplish no particularly useful results.

This is usually how things work because we are human as opposed to perfectly rational beings. In a debate, we tend to become defensive, mocking, and combative. Ego rears its head and clouds our judgement. In order to win, we'll do anything - cut the opponents off in mid-sentence, twist their words, manipulate the facts... anything at all. Thus, far from helping us improve ourselves, debates only seem to bring out the worst in us.

Generally speaking, when people get together in a meeting, their interactions range from discussion to argument. Debate is between the two in this scale, and represents the starting point of the downward spiral. This means things start to go wrong as soon as people transition from discussion to debate. If they fail to do something to reverse course, the debate is likely to degenerate into an all-out argument. At that point, they can forget about making any meaningful progress.

This is a pattern that is persistent and pervasive in any culture. Recognizing this clearly, Tao cultivators always prefer discussions to debates. After all, how good can they be in the skill of living the effortless and joyous life, if they let themselves be dragged into a shouting match?

Let's keep chapter 81 in mind when we talk to others. Be careful of discussions that begin to feel like a debate. The moment we detect this happening, let's stop immediately and review the situation. Will an adversarial exchange really result in anything good for anyone? Is winning the argument worth the sacrifice of harmony? Lao Tzu tells us the answer is a resounding no... and he is absolutely right!

2008-04-19T16:24:00.000-07:00

Reincarnation and the Tao

Question: Derek, regarding reincarnation - how does it fit into the Tao? I would be interested in your personal stance on the subject.

Answer: None of the early Taoist texts mentions reincarnation explicitly. The concept became popular in Chinese culture primarily through Buddhism, which originated in India and spread into China centuries after the time of Lao Tzu.

So how does the concept fit, given that it originated from a different cultural source? I think we can answer that by contemplating nature. Although "nature" and "Tao" are not perfectly synonymous, we can still learn much about one from the other.

One of the things we notice about nature is cycles. We can see all kinds of cycles in nature: day and night, seasons, lunar cycles... the examples go on and on. Cycles are also abundantly present in things too big and too small for our unaided senses. When we look through the telescope, we see celestial cycles in astronomy; when we look through the microscope, we see life cycles in microbiology. Cycles seem to be an intrinsic part of reality at every level of existence.

This being the case, I think it is not so far-fetched to believe that our consciousness also goes through the cycles of life and death. After all, human consciousness is part of nature, not apart from nature, so it must have characteristics that are consistent with what we have observed.

At the deepest, most fundamental level, there is no distinction or separation between your true self and the Tao. Also, Tao Te Ching teaches us that the Tao is constant and everlasting. When you think about these concepts, it may become clear that we can apply them to the soul. Your soul is the eternal element; it moves through lifetime after lifetime, experiences change after change, and still remains you - with all your faults, gifts, and unique individuality. This path that goes through the many incarnations you have lived and will live - it is nothing less than the essence of the Tao. It is you.

2008-04-17T17:22:00.000-07:00

Friends

Question: Hello Derek! I began studying the Tao last year when I received your translation for my birthday. It's like a whole new world opening up, so I want to thank you for that. I have a question for you, and it's about my friends. Recently, whenever I get together with them, I keep finding that my interests, outlook on life, and aspirations are becoming more and more different from theirs. I feel as if I am drifting away from them, or perhaps they are drifting away from me. I have known them for many years and value their friendship, but now I sense some discomfort on their part, as if a wall has gone up between us. What should I do? Is there anything I can do?

Answer: Over the years I have seen many people go through the same thing you are experiencing. At some point, they made a personal decision to uplift themselves, but their friends continue on the same trajectory as before. At first, nothing seems out of place, but as time goes on, these different paths diverge more and more. Former buddies end up with less and less in common, and become more and more distant from one another.

It's important to recognize that they haven't changed. You are the one who has changed. Because of your self-cultivation, you have started to develop spiritually. You are starting to experience soul growth. The friendship can go back to the way it used to be if you go back to the way you used to be, but if you are like the others I have observed, you won't be able to do that. Once a mind has been expanded, it is impossible for it to return to its previous, more limited dimensions.

What is the solution? Is there a solution? I would suggest that the discomfort you sense is something you can address. You will find openness and communication to be the best tools for you in this situation. They probably won't bring up the topic, so you'll have to take the initiative. Find an appropriate opportunity to have a heart-to-heart conversation. If you aren't sure what to say, here are my suggestions:

1) First, bring illumination. Shine a light on the issue. Let them know you are aware of the discomfort. Tell them you are not oblivious to the gap that has been widening. They will probably be relieved. They may say, "Wow, I thought it was me!" or "Thank God someone finally says what we've all been thinking!" or "I thought I was imaging things and, you know, didn't want to make a big deal out of it."

2) Explain your path. They may think you are a little crazy (especially if they know you well), so let them know you haven't actually lost your mind. Assure them it is something you've thought about carefully and deliberately. Explain that it isn't a phase you are going through, and it isn't something that will pass. Talk about the benefits you have experienced, but be careful - you don't want to make this a recruitment drive. Stick to the facts, clarify your position, and don't try to convert anyone.

3) Be clear about the implications of your decision. As a result of your evolving values, priorities and goals, you'll be allocating your time differently in the future. While you have no wish to give up your friends, you may need to make adjustments in your schedule, and not have as much time for them as before, or you may wish to participate in activities that hold little interest for them. Ask for their understanding. If they value you as much as you value them, then there is no question that they will extend their support. Even if they cannot follow you on your journey, even if they do not fully understand your reasons, they can still help you and encourage you.

Your clarity and insights into this matter may make them curious about the Tao. Some of them may want to learn more. If so, gladly share the information you have, but again, be careful not to become overly enthusiastic. Forcing your ideas on anyone would be contrary to the Tao. Your detachment in this case may even pique their interest. They may decide to tag along with you, just to see what it's all about. If so, then your divergent paths will begin to converge back together.

No matter what they decide, one thing is for certain: if you follow the Tao correctly, then as you continue your cultivation, you will encounter more and more kindred spirits. Their connection with you will inspire you to greater heights of personal development. Right now, you may be at a crossroads in your life, but it is not a bad thing at all. It is an opportunity where you have the possibility to bring your friends along, as well as the prospects of making new friends down the road. Both are exciting things to look forward to. Although you may feel a bit troubled at the moment, I can guarantee that years from now you'll look back and realize that this is actually the beginning of something great. Start thinking about how to approach your friends... and good luck!

2008-04-04T19:03:00.000-07:00

Goals

Question: Derek, I would like to get your thoughts on goals from the Tao perspective. I've been told that the Tao Te Ching teaches us to let go of goals and allow everything to proceed naturally. My problem is that I have always set and achieved goals all my life, so I'm not sure how to do without them. Can you give me some tips?

Answer: This may surprise you, but you do not need to give up any of your goals. What you've been told may sound like something from the Tao Te Ching, but if you actually study the text, you'll see that Lao Tzu has nothing against goals.

For instance, in chapter 63, Lao Tzu tells us that handling many small and simple tasks will, over time, add up to the completion of a huge, seemingly impossible task. The lesson here is all about achieving goals, not doing without them.

This becomes even clearer in chapter 64, where Lao Tzu talks about the journey of a thousand miles and the tower of nine levels. Reaching the destination of the jouney and completing the construction of the tower are both goals, and the best way to achieving them is a little bit at a time. Tao cultivators who really understand this are powerful individuals indeed, because to them no tasks are too big or too difficult. They have the ability to turn their dreams and grand visions into reality.

This idea that we have to let go of goals probably comes from a misunderstanding. In authentic teachings of the Tao, we learn that if we become too attached to a goal, we can trip over ourselves and sabotage our own progress. Therefore, it would be best for us to let go of any obsessions or expectations about the end result. We should direct our focus and awareness to the process at hand, so we can enjoy the journey in the present moment. This allows the task to proceed naturally to completion.

When we understand this teaching clearly, we can see that goals are very much part of the Tao, so there is no need to let go of them. We can use them skillfully for our benefit. We can also see that the Tao Te Ching is actually a manual for living life -- with clear instructions on how to achieve success. The Chinese have known this for centuries; we in the West are now beginning to figure it out for ourselves.

2008-04-02T22:19:00.000-07:00

Emulate the Tao

Question: Derek, Tao Te Ching chapter 4 says that the Tao blunts the sharpness, unravels the knots, dims the glare, and mixes the dust. Does the idea that we should emulate the Tao apply in this case? If so, how?

Answer: Yes, we emulate the Tao. Exactly how we can do that may be a bit puzzling at first, but keep in mind that the macrocosm of the Tao is reflected in individual human beings. The descriptions from chapter 4 refer to the eternal nature of the Tao at the macroscopic level. At the same time, they are also life lessons to us at the personal level.

To blunt the sharpness means being careful in what we say to others. Words can carry a sharp edge, and sometimes we say things that hurt others without meaning to. The wise cultivator of the Tao is someone who uses words in skillful and gentle ways.

Knots represent complexity. To unravel the knots means to reduce complexity. Those in tune with the Tao always seek to simplify life as much as possible. Living this way means freedom from clutter and greater peace of mind.

Glare in this context means mental brilliance. To dim this glare means not display or flaunt one's intelligence. People who understand the Tao tend to be very intelligent, but they are also low-key and do not wish to draw attention to themselves. They are secure in their self-knowledge, and therefore have no need to show off.

Dust is an often-used metaphor for the material world. To mix with dust means to participate fully in the worldly affairs of human society. Real cultivators of the Tao do not run away from civilization in order to live like a hermit in remote wilderness. Instead, they learn from social interactions, and measure their progress by how well they handle everyday life with other human beings.

2008-03-25T07:03:00.000-07:00

Six Simple Steps to Lead a Tao Discussion

Question: Derek, next month I am expected to lead a group discussion on a spiritual topic of my choice. I thought maybe I can use your books for that, but I've never done anything like it before. Can you give me some pointers on how to get started?

Answer: The Tao of Daily Life is specifically written to mirror real-life discussions in a group setting, so it is definitely suitable for what you have in mind. The discussion can be a lot of fun and spiritually enriching once you understand and apply the process. Here's how it breaks down into six simple steps:

Choose a story. The stories vary in length and complexity, so you have quite a few options open to you. Your choice may depend on the amount of time allotted and your level of experience. For instance, if you are just starting out, you may wish to choose a shorter story to help ease your way into leading discussions.
Prepare your points. Each story is followed by its own "The Tao" section. Read it in advance and highlight the points that you feel are significant. Also, write down any additional thoughts as they occur to you while going through the text. These will really come in handy later on.
Tell the story. Some prefer to simply read from the book. That's perfectly fine, but I always ask people to also consider the option of telling the story in their own words. Personalize it with your unique style; add drama and emphasis as you see fit; make it an expression of your own Tao. In my opinion, this is the best way to get the most out of it.
Request feedback. When you are done telling the story, pause for a moment to let it sink in, then ask the participants for their initial thoughts. This first round of exchange, before people have a chance to edit themselves too much, can be very telling about the group's disposition and state of mind. This is also where you can set the tone for what follows.
Segue. This is where your advance preparation pays off. See if you can take something that someone has said and smoothly transition into one of the points you have previously identified. The more seamlessly you can do this, the better the discussion will be and the more people will get into it. Don't try to force the conversation into any particular direction. Go with the flow whenever possible, and give it a gentle nudge once in a while to guide everyone along.
Summarize. As the discussion approaches its end, it will become evident that several main points will emerge as the group's conclusion. This will be a combination of elements from your preparation and spontaneous insights that the group has generated. Wrap up the discussion by summarizing them one by one, and for each point stress the importance of applying it to life through action. Set a personal example by describing how you will incorporate the wisdom you have just acquired into your daily activities, and then make a specific request for everyone to do the same thing. This is perhaps the most critical step of all, because it is where we plant the seed for life transformation.

A properly conducted discussion about the Tao is one of the best tools to accelerate personal growth, particularly for the person leading it. You will learn a great deal from everyone and feel a powerful connection to the Tao through the group process. In fact, you may even enjoy it so much that you'll want do it regularly. If so, I would encourage you to go with your feelings. You can be sure that your investment of effort will be rewarded many times over.

Good luck with your upcoming discussion, and most importantly -- have fun!

2008-03-24T07:23:00.000-07:00

The Mystery of the Tao

Question: Derek, Tao Te Ching chapter 1 speaks of "mystery of mysteries." I would like to understand this concept better. What is the Chinese character for mystery? Can you talk about its etymology and meaning?

Answer: The Chinese character is xuan (Pinyin) and pronounced like "shuan." It appears in chapters 1, 6, 10, 15, 51, 56, and 65. Its frequency is suggestive of its importance in our study of the Tao.

The character is composed of two parts. The top half is a cover, while the bottom half is a character meaning small. Together, they represent a little thing that is covered up - in other words, something that is difficult to discern and therefore mysterious. This is the key to understand the character.

Note that etymology does not always equal meaning in a literal way. In this case, "hard to see" has been abstracted to the meaning of "hard to understand," so this character cannot be used to describe a physical object that is hidden from view. It can be used to describe a puzzle, a perplexing idea, or an unclear situation. In this regard, xuan is similar to the English words "mystery" and "mysterious." It can also be used to describe the spiritual realm, which we know is not as easily perceived as the physical world. In this regard, xuan is similar to the English words "mystic" and "mystical."

Some dictionaries show "dark" or "darkness" as a definition for this character. The idea is that something dark is difficult to see, so in that sense this definition is congruent with the original meaning. However, the English word "dark" has negative connotations that do not exist in the Chinese character. For instance, when we watch a movie trailer and hear the familiar phrase "in a world of darkness," we know it means a world of chaos, oppression or evil. Thus, using "dark" or "darkness" to translate xuan can lead to the wrong impression. Western readers may not recognize it as such, but to native Chinese speakers this would seem like a rather obvious error.

2008-03-23T07:43:00.000-07:00

Free Books for Prisoners

Question: Derek, I understand you donate copies of your Tao Te Ching translation to prisoners, and I have a friend who is currently incarcerated. I believe he can benefit from your writing, but as much as I like your translation, I think he would be more receptive to your stories. Do you have a similar program of donation for your other book, The Tao of Daily Life?

Answer: Yes, I do indeed give away both Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained and The Tao of Daily Life. The terms are exactly the same for both in that there is absolutely no charge - I will pay for the books as well as the shipping costs. If you are interested, you can visit the following links for more information:

Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained - Free Books for Prisoners

The Tao of Daily Life - Free Books for Prisoners

2008-03-14T20:32:00.000-07:00

Ancestor Worship

Quesiton: Derek, I have always been under the impression that Chinese people practice ancestor worship, but recently a friend from Asia tells me that "worship" isn't really the right word. Can you explain this to me? Also, what is the relationship, if any, between ancestor worship and the Tao?

Ancestor: Your friend is correct, in that what the Chinese people actually do is express gratitude and commemorate the past in a ritualistic way. The ancestors are not being worshipped in a religious sense, so the term "ancestor worship" can give the wrong impression.

The true essence of the Chinese practice is very much connected to the Tao. Someone who cultivates the Tao appreciates everything that has taken place in order for the present moment to be exactly what it is. This appreciation certainly includes our parents, grandparents, and ancestors, for without them we would not exist.

If you would like to see more discussions on this topic, please take a look at the following:

Drink Water, Think of Source

2008-02-25T14:03:00.000-08:00

True Tranquility

Once upon a time in ancient China, the Emperor was in his study, looking over volumes of diplomatic documents. He found it hard to concentrate, so he summoned his most trusted Minster. When the Minister arrived, he saw that the Emperor was pacing back and forth, looking irritable.

The Emperor said to him: "I wish to focus on the affairs of the state, but my mind is unsettled and agitated. When I feel like this, I need something I can look at to help me regain tranquility. Go find the best artist in the land and have him create a painting that has the power to calm me down. I want the theme of this painting to be 'True Tranquility.'"

"As you command, Your Majesty."

A few days later, the Minister reported that there were three artists widely considered to be the best in China. They were equally talented, so he brought all of them into the palace. Once they understood what the Emperor wanted, they began painting.

Continue reading the story at www.TrueTao.org

2008-01-11T22:05:00.000-08:00

Common Threads

Question: Derek, I have a question concerning the fundamental unity of all religions. For many years, I have studied both Christianity and Buddhism, and now I am reading your books and studying the Tao. The more I learn about the different spiritual traditions, the more it seems to me that despite their superficial differences, deep down they are very much alike. Do you notice the same thing? If you do, what would you say are the common threads that unite all traditions?

Answer: Yes, I agree. There really does seem to be something deep in the core of humanity that is the same regardless of your background of origin. It's something that resonates with the divine. For the lack of a better description, it seems to be a sense of awe, a sense of overwhelming wonder. Everyone has it, even those who do not consider themselves religious. Even atheist scientists, when they bear witness to the marvelous workings of the universe, can also resonate powerfully with this profound feeling.

I also find common threads in the beauty of music, art, and nature - indeed in every aspect of life. Manifestations of beauty have the power to reach deeply into the heart to touch this common core. Virtuoso performances, lines of poetry, panoramic vistas... these glimpses of sacred beauty move us and inspire us, transcending our differences and bringing us closer.

Among all the common threads that unite all spiritual traditions, the most central is the thread of love. This common thread surpasses all the rest, and unites not only all spiritual traditions, but all human beings. Love is the ultimate golden thread, weaving all of us together in an unbreakable, indestructible bond.

2008-01-10T21:40:00.000-08:00

Mystical Experiences

Question: Derek, I've been reading up on mystical experiences and find the subject fascinating. Why is it that some people have them while others do not? What can I do to have the experience myself?

Answer: No one can guarantee you mystical experiences, but you can increase the odds in your favor by understanding them better. Mystical experiences start out with the basic recognition that there is more to existence than what we can perceive with our physical senses. This is followed by the understanding that we are all connected to this unseen mystical domain at a fundamental level.

This leads to the question that if we are all fundamentally connected to the mystical, why can we not access that domain as easily as we walk into the next room? The answer is that most of the time we are distracted by the material world. As the Tao Te Ching says, when we are full of desires, we can only see the manifestation. It is only when we free ourselves of these distracting desires that we can see the mystical essence.

Mystical experiences are characterized by a sort of active tranquility, a serene dynamism. If we can quiet the mind completely, to match the natural tranquility of the Tao, we will find that following the connection back to the source becomes not only easy, but also effortless and spontaneous.

2008-01-09T22:06:00.000-08:00

The Truth Beyond Words

Question: Derek, I'm a newcomer to the Tao, and I've been told that in Taoism there are advanced teachings pointing to the Truth that cannot be spoken. Is this correct? And if so, can you direct me to them?

Answer: Yes, in the Tao we learn that Truth is beyond words. Not only spoken words, but written words as well. This is not something that requires time and effort to discover in the Tao. You literally cannot miss it, because it is clearly spelled out in the first line of the first chapter of the Tao Te Ching.

This central message is further reinforced by the other 80 chapters of the Tao Te Ching, where we learn that the way to fully understand the Truth is not to dwell on the words, but to go beyond them. While discussions and books can be valuable, we still must experience the Tao by living it, feeling it, acting from it and acting upon it. People cannot learn how to swim by talking about swimming; they have to get in the pool and start moving. It is the same with the Tao. We can become one with it if we are willing to jump right in and be fully immersed.

2008-01-07T20:29:00.000-08:00

Love and Compassion

Question: Derek, what is the Tao perspective on love and compassion?

Answer: Love and compassion are the very nature of who we are. That is why we feel such happiness and joy when we have love, and why we long for it and look for it everywhere when we don't. It is also why there can be no defense against someone who treats us with kindness and compassion.

It is no accident that love and life are inextricably linked together. Love is the source of life, and life in turn is the source of love. Without love, life becomes meaningless; without life, we lack the means with which to express love to the fullest.

In chapter 51 of the Tao Te Ching, Lao Tzu says that reverence for the Tao is due not to command but to nature. It is the same with love and compassion. We need both and cherish both, not because we are under command to do so, but because it is natural to our very being. Love is the Tao of humanity.

2008-01-06T19:03:00.000-08:00

Inner Peace

Question: Derek, for the year 2008 my goal is to create an environment where I can enjoy peace of mind. Do you have any suggestions from the Tao perspective as to how I can go about doing that?

Answer: Yes, but the Tao perspective is about inner peace leading to outer peace, not the other way around. We need to let go of the idea that how we feel internally is dependent on the external world, and embrace the concept that ultimately it is the internal landscape that becomes reflected as physical manifestations externally. The illusion is that we are victims of circumstances beyond our control; the reality is that we are powerful creators of our own personal reality.

What this means, specifically, is that if we are unable to accept ourselves in the present moment - if we keep revisiting the past with regret or resentment - then it won't matter how quiet our environment is, or how much we resort of practices like meditation. We may achieve temporary calmness, but lasting peace will still remain elusive, beyond our reach.

The Tao Te Ching says "returning to the root is called tranquility." This is a clear direction to us on finding peace. We need to go back to the basics, to the root of the true self. If we can be at peace within, we will be able to address spiritual turmoil at the root level. Only after that will the path to real peace of mind be revealed to us. Thus, the best recommendation I can give is to turn your attention inward, establish your tranquility within, and then let it radiate outward naturally and effortlessly.

2007-11-25T14:19:00.000-08:00

The Tao of Christmas

Question: Derek, do Taoists celebrate Christmas? Should they? Now that the holiday season has arrived, I am wondering if I should inform my friends and family that, due to my personal belief in the Tao, I will no longer be part of their holiday activities. How would you handle something like that?

Answer: In Tao cultivation, our attention is on the way of existence instead of any particular forms of religious practice. The Tao is a way of life that focuses on the way of life. As such, it does not conflict with holiday celebrations of any faith or any culture. All of them have a way about them that we can observe and act upon in a mindful manner.

For instance, let's consider Thanksgiving. People jokingly refer to it as "Turkey Day," and yet we know it's not about eating turkey. The essence of Thanksgiving lies in the uplifting feeling of gratitude. One of the best ways for us to express that gratitude is to be together with loved ones and let them know, with our presence, how much we appreciate them. When this powerful essence is present in a harmonious gathering, it doesn't matter quite so much what everyone is eating. This is why Tao cultivators have all the reasons in the world to participate in a Thanksgiving dinner - their mindful purpose is to celebrate its essence, rather than to gorge themselves.

It is the same with Christmas. What is the meaning of Christmas? It is not about frantic shopping sprees or fighting through the crowds at the mall. Like the turkey dinner for Thanksgiving, conspicuous consumption is merely an outward, external manifestation of the material world. The inner, truer essence of Christmas has to do with peace, love, family, friendship and goodwill. Being compassionate and giving to others are great ways for us to express this essence - and by doing so, we honor the Christmas spirit.

So, should those who cultivate the Tao celebrate Christmas? I think the answer should be quite obvious. In every aspect of life, Tao cultivators look beyond the superficial to tap into the deeper understanding beneath the surface. Thanksgiving and Christmas are no exceptions. We should feel no hesitation at all in enjoying them. Not only that, but we should also go further and celebrate their true meaning as relatively few people do nowadays. This is how we can focus on the way of life - and become truly aligned with the Tao.

2007-11-12T15:38:00.000-08:00

Dealing With Setbacks

Question: Derek, I am a beginner when it comes to the Tao. While I enjoy learning the concepts from your books, I don't always know how to apply them. For instance, I recently lost my job because the winds of change in the economy forced my company to downsize. This was a big blow to me, and I'm not sure how to deal with it from the perspective of the Tao. Can you help me?

Answer: I think your phrase "the winds of change" is something we can use. Chapter 23 of the Tao Te Ching says "the strong wind does not last all morning," thereby pointing to the ever-changing nature of the world. It would not be natural or realistic to expect the strong wind to last forever. We know that it will subside sooner or later, and when it picks up again, it may be blowing in a completely different direction.

Imagine yourself as a sailor on the seas of fate. How would you deal with the changing winds? You can adjust the rigging and the rudder to leverage the wind, no matter which direction it happens to be blowing. You can even sail upwind by using a series of close-hauled legs to make your way toward your destination. As long as there is wind, the sailboat can take advantage of it.

It is the same with life. We can be certain that the winds of fate will not always be blowing in an ideal direction, but the sailboat metaphor teaches us that it doesn't have to. The key lies in the art of sailing. When the wind shifts in direction - as invariably it must - we simply need adjust the sail accordingly. The right adjustments will allow us to continue harnessing the power of the wind.

What might be the life adjustments that we need to make following a shift in the winds of employment? The answer is different for everyone. For some, it may be the acquisition of new skills; for others, it may be a different job market or career track that they have not yet explored fully. The important thing to keep in mind as we contemplate the situation is that it is far from hopeless. A master sailor can always make adjustments to leverage any condition.

But what if the wind dies down? If there is no wind, then there is nothing the sailor can do, even if he is the best sailor in the world. Wouldn't this render the metaphor useless?

No. Quite the opposite. The master sailor is someone who understands that just as strong winds cannot last forever, neither can the total absence of winds. Therefore, he is relaxed in the knowledge that sooner or later, things will change again. He moves about the boat, making sure he has done everything possible in preparation. When the wind picks up again - as invariably it must - it will find him ready to continue his journey.

2007-10-25T18:59:00.000-07:00

An Easy Way to Understand Wu Wei

Question: Derek, I am having trouble with the concept of wu wei. My friend says it means doing nothing and going with the flow. But my question is, what if the flow won't take me where I want to go? What if my life is headed for disaster? Should I do nothing and let myself move toward destruction? That makes no sense at all!

Answer: Wu wei is often misinterpreted. The easiest way to understand it is to think of surfing. You'll see that wu wei makes a lot of sense - even if you don't know how to surf!

Imagine what you would do if you were surfing. You wouldn't want to fight the wave - that would be foolish and futile. This may be the part where people get the idea that wu wei means going with the flow. They may not understand the other equally important part, that you also wouldn't want to stand motionless and let the wave wipe you out. That wouldn't be smart either.

What you really want to do is ride the wave. Move with it, not against it. Make use of its tremendous power. Exercise skillful control of your body and the surfboard. Remain responsive to surrounding conditions. Anticipate and take advantage of changes. It takes practice, but eventually you get good at it. To the crowd at the beach, your movements seem natural, graceful, and almost effortless.

It is the same with life. You don't want to waste your energy in a useless struggle against the way things already are. At the same time, you also don't want to be a couch potato. People who are apathetic and indifferent won't stay on the surfboard for long.

Ride the wave of life. Move with it, not against it. Make use of its tremendous power. Exercise skillful control of yourself. Remain responsive to surrounding conditions. Anticipate and take advantage of changes. It takes practice, but eventually you get good at it. To other people, your actions and progress in life seem natural, graceful, and almost effortless.

The art of surfing is no different from the Tao of living. This is the true meaning of wu wei.

Note: Ancient Chinese sages did not know anything about surfing, but they understood wu wei perfectly, as Chuang Tzu demonstrated in his story, The Waterfall.

2007-10-24T21:31:00.000-07:00

Review of The Tao of Daily Life

The first in-depth review of The Tao of Daily Life is now online. You can find it at the following location:

www.taoism.net/dailylife

Many thanks to Michelle for this great review!

2007-10-11T07:47:00.000-07:00

The Tao and God 2

Question: Derek, I find your previous blog entry on chapter 4 interesting. When you say the Tao comes before God, and that this idea applies to any concept of God, I get the impression that the Tao is the creator of God, just as God is the creator of the universe. Is this what you mean?

Answer: Not exactly. Oftentimes people think of the Tao as a deity, but that's like assigning "God status" to electricity, gravity, or the Theory of Relativity. The Tao cannot be rigidly defined in that manner. It may be more useful, in the context of this discussion, to think of the Tao as "the way things are." Imagine the following conversation where a young child poses questions to his father, who is religious:

Boy: "Dad, where does that car come from?"

Father: "It comes from the car factory."

Boy: "Where does the factory come from?"

Father: "People built the factory years ago."

Boy: "Where do people come from?"

Father: "Well, God made us in His image."

Boy: "Where does God come from?"

Father: "God has no beginning."

Boy: "Why not?"

Father: "That's just the way God is, son."

The usage of "way" above maps perfectly to Lao Tzu's usage of "Tao" in the last line of chapter 4. Once we understand this, we'll be able to see that ultimately, it is not God at the very beginning of everything. Rather, it is the Tao of God.

This understanding can also take us another step further and enable us to see that Lao Tzu's principle applies just as easily if the father were an atheist. If his explanation involves the Big Bang cosmological model instead of God, we would still ultimately end up with the Tao.

www.Taoism.net

2007-10-10T07:41:00.000-07:00

The Tao and God

Question: Derek, a while back there was an online discussion about your treatment of chapter 4. Someone asked about your use of "God" in your translation, because the concept of God seemed a bit odd in the context of the Tao. I thought this was a valid question, but the people offering answers could only guess at the reason for your usage. Can you give us your perspective on this issue?

Answer: There may be some confusion because we tend to use the word "God" in a Judeo-Christian sense, but this is not the only possible meaning of the word. Throughout history, the concept of a supreme deity appeared independently all over the world, so let us not be hasty in our assumptions.

In chapter 4, the original term was di, as in tian di, the Heavenly Emperor. The concept of this deity in Chinese culture predates Lao Tzu by thousands of years. The idea was that just as the earthly Emperor ruled the mortal realm, the Heavenly Emperor ruled the cosmos. Of all the gods from Chinese folklore and mythology, the Heavenly Emperor occupied the foremost position.

With this understanding, we can see the meaning of chapter 4 much more clearly. When Lao Tzu says the image of the Tao must precede God, he is making the point that even the foremost deity of the cosmos must follow certain principles. Creation and evolution make sense. They exhibit an underlying order we can observe. They are comprehensible, at least to some extent, to the human intellect. The fact that this comprehension is possible at all means the Tao must be present. Therefore, Lao Tzu is pointing out the inescapable truth is that the image of the Tao (whatever principles underlie the working of the divine) must already be in place in order to allow for the presence of God.

An interesting aside is that although Lao Tzu was referring to the Heavenly Emperor, his point is equally applicable to any concept of the supreme deity from any culture.

2007-09-25T13:53:00.000-07:00

Book Availability

Question: Derek, I'm trying to buy your book, Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained, but it seems to be sold out everywhere I look. Can you tell us what's going on? When will it be available?

Answer: The latest information I have from the publisher is that we have indeed gone through the first print run. Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained went into reprint several weeks ago, and the publisher has just received the new printing. They will be shipping out all the back orders this week. East coast warehouses and major outlets such as Amazon and Barnes & Noble should also receive books this week; West coast warehouses are expected to receive their shipment next week.

If you have not yet received your order of Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained, I want to assure you that it is on its way to you. Thank you for your patience.

To the readers who already have their books: Thank you for your support! Thank you for your word-of-mouth campaign making all this possible. It is a great honor for me to have this connection with you, through the Internet and the medium of words!

2007-09-24T23:18:00.000-07:00

Ancient Rulers

Question: Derek, in chapter 39 there is a line that says rulers called themselves "alone, bereft, and unworthy." Can you shed some light on how these terms originated?

Answer: In the original Chinese, these terms were gu, gua, and bu gu respectively. The ancients believed that the higher you climb in terms of position and authority, the more humble you must become in order to wield the power effectively. Therefore, the absolute ruler of China must practice the utmost level of humility, and referring to themselves with terms expressing lowliness was one way to do that.

Of the three terms, gua is the one that caught on while the others fell into disuse. Chinese Emperors often referred to themselves as Gua Ren (literally "this person, who is bereft of virtue"). This can still be seen today, in Chinese-language historical dramas popular in Asia. An actor portraying the Emperor would often say Gua Ren instead of of "I" or "me."

Tony Lau stars as a young Emperor

2007-09-20T23:34:00.000-07:00

Clarity

Question: Derek, in your commentaries you seem quite certain about the meaning of the passages, but isn't the Tao supposed to be mysterious and unknowable? Is it not true that the ancient sages embraced uncertainty and ambiguity to allow for many interpretations? How can you be so sure?

Answer: The Tao is indeed mysterious and unknowable, but that doesn't prevent Tao sages from expressing life principles with total clarity. If this seems difficult to grasp, then consider that the Grand Unified Theory is still the great unsolved problem in physics, and yet scientists can still use Newtonian equations to deliver clear answers that are precise enough to send astronauts to the Moon and back.

The truth is ancient sages saw great value in clarity. They observed how muddy water, if left undisturbed, would gradually become clear. This simple observation of nature informed them that clarity must be a natural state, and it must be linked to tranquility. What was true for a pool of muddy water would be just as true to a chaotic mind. Thus, the cultivators who attain higher levels of the Tao, the ones who have mastered peace and quietness, would think and express themselves far more clearly than most people.

It is also for this reason that the Tao Te Ching was in fact written to be a lucid, crystal clear expression of the Tao. The uncertainty and ambiguity we see today come not from the original text, but from the many wildly differing translations out there. Most of them claim to be definitive, when in fact they only disturb the water, making it more muddy than ever.

It is important for us to realize that the image of the ancient sages speaking in riddles is only a stereotype. Those who assert that all interpretations of the Tao Te Ching are equally valid are really saying that they themselves are lacking in basic understanding. Unlike them, we have a task before us. We need to connect with the lucidity and clarity of the original. We, too, can be the muddy water settling down, gradually becoming clear... and gradually allowing the golden rays of the sun to shine through.

2007-09-14T22:20:00.000-07:00

Reading Both Books

Recently, several people came up with the same question about the two books. After answering each person individually (on BlogSpot, through e-mail and in person), I thought I should also post my response as a blog entry for greater visibility. There may be others out there who are wondering the same thing.

Question: Derek, I have both of your books, and I am trying to decide which one to read first. Would I get more out of the stories if I read the Tao Te Ching first? Or, would I find the Tao Te Ching easier to understand if I read the stories first? What is your recommendation?

Answer: I would suggest that you make use of both books at the same time, but in different ways. Start by reading the stories from The Tao of Daily Life, and use the translation as a reference. The dharma talk following each story often quotes lines from the Tao Te Ching to make a point. When you come across such a quote, you can refer to that specific chapter in Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained for a more in-depth look at the original text. This is a way to study the Tao that many people seem to enjoy, so I hope it works well for you too. Have fun!

www.Taoism.net

2007-09-13T21:31:00.000-07:00

Stories

Question: Derek, I thought I was quite knowledgeable about Zen and Tao stories, but your new book contains quite a few stories I haven't come across before. Can you tell me where you get these stories?

Answer: They all come from the storytelling tradition of Chinese culture. Some of the stories are recorded in ancient texts and some are not, but all are told by teachers and storytellers from one generation to the next. There are literally thousands of such stories, but only some of them - a small fraction - have crossed the cultural divide. When such stories come into the West, they are often distorted in the retelling; sometimes they are altered on purpose in order to appeal to the Western audience. You may have already come across such stories in web sites and forwarded e-mails.

My primary purpose in writing The Tao of Daily Life is to bring across more of these ancient stories, especially the ones that are practically unknown in the West. For the stories that have already crossed over, I go back to the original source in order to create the most accurate version of the classic, with no distortions or alterations. The dharma talks that follow the stories are also written to be as authentic as possible. I want the reader of this book to experience the stories and teachings in exactly the same way that a Chinese person would - feeling the same sense of joy and inspiration, because the Tao transcends the division between East and West. Indeed, the Tao speaks to the core that is common to all humanity, for within the it we are all united in oneness... regardless of cultural background!

2007-09-06T21:21:00.000-07:00

The Cover of the New Book

Question: Derek, your new book has an interesting cover that shows a bowl on a stand. What do they represent? Do they have a special meaning that is related to the Tao?

Answer: Yes. The Tao is everywhere, so it is very much present in the cover as well. The bowl and the stand together represent p'u, the Tao concept meaning "plain and simple." Notice how they do not seem particularly refined, and yet still project a special beauty. In the same way, plainness and simplicity may not seem particularly remarkable, but for those who live in the Tao, they are the endless source of joyous serenity.

The lesson of the Tao is to be fully engaged as you tend to the basic necessities of life. A sage would say: "When you eat, eat." This may sound simple, almost too simple, but think of all the times when your mind is somewhere else as you sit down for a meal with family or friends. The bowl reminds us that following the sage's advice consistently can be much more difficult than it seems.

The bowl also represents another important lesson from the Tao: It is not the substance of the bowl, but its emptiness, that makes it useful as a bowl. The same is true of human beings. Those who approach the world with minds already filled with preconceptions are not likely to learn anything. Those who understand the usefulness of emptiness are different. They approach life with a humble heart that has plenty of room for new ideas, new friends and new experiences. The bowl reminds us that this is the way to live for the true Tao cultivator.

2007-09-04T21:35:00.000-07:00

The Tao and Women

Question: Derek, what is the Tao perspective on women?

Answer: Authentic teachings of the Tao emphasize the appropriate recognition and reverence for the sacred feminine. In the Tao Te Ching, the word "mother" appears seven times (in chapters 1, 20, 25, 52, and 59), while the word "father" appears not at all. Also, there is one chapter (chapter 6) specifically devoted to the Mystic Female - the universal feminine energy - while its masculine complement is not addressed anywhere in the Tao Te Ching.

This doesn't mean the ancient Chinese were into male bashing. What it means is that they observed the world from an impartial, objective perspective, and came to the realization that the miracle of life could only occur through women. We simply do not live in a universe where male and female creatures share equally in the task of giving birth. Therefore, it must be true that women possess a certain divine power that men do not. This is a stark realization that deals with reality exactly as it is.

The principle of the Mystic Female is reflected everywhere in existence. When we look around, we can see how flowing water wears away unyielding rocks; we can also see that living things are soft and supple while dead things are hard and rigid. All of these manifestations make perfect sense when we understand and accept the central importance of the sacred feminine.

2007-08-28T21:17:00.000-07:00

Reinterpret the Tao Te Ching?

Question: Derek, I have studied many holy books. Each one has to be understood as the product of its time. In many ways, the ancients understood the world very differently than we do. It is therefore necessary for us to reinterpret their words to fit modern thinking, especially if we wish to apply them to modern life. I would imagine the Tao Te Ching is no exception to the rule. Correct?

Answer: Actually, the Tao Te Ching is completely unlike the holy books you have studied. For starters, it does not claim to be a holy book. It is nothing more than a collection, filled with nuggets of wisdom that the ancient Chinese felt were very effective when applied to life. It is not written or inspired by deities, prophets, or saviors. Fundamentally, Lao Tzu was a human being, just like you and me. There is nothing supernatural about him, or how his book was written.

The second interesting thing about the Tao Te Ching is that there is no reinterpretation necessary. There is a great need to explain its teachings accurately, but there is no need to adjust, rephrase, or change any part of it. Everything it talks about, if understood clearly, can be applied to modern living with no alteration whatsoever.

How can this be for something written so long ago? It can, because when the ancients studied the Tao, what they focused on was universal patterns of life, existence, and human nature. Although many things have changed since their time, the basics of life, existence and human nature have not changed one iota. The sun rises today just as it did thousands of years ago; human beings love, hate, and interact with one another exactly as they did thousands of years ago. The patterns described in the Tao Te Ching are as evident today as they were back then, and in all likelihood they will continue to manifest as long as there are human beings.

This is why there is no obsolescence in the Tao Te Ching. What Lao Tzu wrote 2,500 years ago may as well be written today. Sometimes, as we read the book, it even seems as if Lao Tzu is addressing the latest newspaper headlines. This timeless, eternally constant quality is one of the things that makes the Tao Te Ching truly special.

www.Taoism.net

2007-08-26T21:34:00.000-07:00

Taoism and Confucianism

The Emperors of ancient China did not always follow Confucianism as their ruling philosophy. Initially, it was Taoism they turned to. Unfortunately, they were badly misled by "masters" who themselves did not understand the Tao. Several Emperors died from drinking "elixir of immortality" made with mercury. One Emperor spent his days doing nothing productive and justified it with Tao-sounding excuses, while his government fell apart and the people suffered. These negative experiences eventually forced a switch to Confucianism.

In mainland China, there is a TV show that highlights this turning point in Chinese history. It has become one of the more popular historical dramas there, but it is virtually unknown over here.

In general, Westerners who understand only the surface level of the Tao often cast Taoism and Confucianism as diametrically opposed competitors. Because most people in the West don't know much about Confucianism, it is quite easy to turn it into a convenient villain. This idea is reinforced by the good-versus-evil notion where Taoism represents the people who wish for freedom, while Confucianism represents the ruling elite and their oppressive rigidity. Thus, Taoism gets set up on a pedestal while Confucianism is looked down upon.

This bears no resemblance to how the Asians themselves approach the two traditions. In actuality, real Chinese people living in Asian tend to revere both Laozi and Confucius equally. They follow teachings from Taoism as well as Confucianism and see no conflict between the two.

www.Taoism.net

2007-08-21T22:09:00.000-07:00

What If My Loved Ones Cannot Understand My Path?

A version of the following was posted at the Tea House online forum a week ago. Someone who was not part of the exchange found it helpful and asked me to make it available in this blog, so that it can reach more people who may find themselves in a similar situation.

Question: Derek, I have discovered the Tao and I feel it is the right path for me. However, my family members do not support my beliefs. In fact, they are totally against anything having to do with the Tao. They tell me my meditation will lead to the occult and away from God. This makes me angry, because they have no idea what it means to me. My dilemma is that I don't want to give up the Tao because I have never been more certain about anything in my life, but at the same time I also don't want to lose my family. What should I do?

Answer: First, as Tao cultivators, we need to observe the situation from a detached mindset in order to deal with it as it is, not as we wish it to be. Therefore, your first task is to calm your anger. As your mind settles down into a natural state of detachment, the clouding effect of emotions will dissipate, and your observation will become clear.

This clarity will let you recognize two primary drives in your family members:

1) Love. They are acting out of love for you. They may not understand you completely - and this misunderstanding causes friction - but they feel so strongly about the situation only because they love you. If I were you, I would let them know that you understand what motivates them, and that you love them as well.

(The last thing you should do is to turn away from your family. Be especially wary of anyone who says you should. Isolation of an individual from his family is one of the common characteristics of cults.)

2) Fear. Your family members are afraid that you will come to harm or be deceived in some way. They may be worried about your immortal soul, or they may be gripped by xenophobia - the fear of the unknown, or the unfamiliar. If you do not address this fear, it can easily turn into anger and hatred - anger against you and hatred against whatever the "diabolical" practice has "seduced" you. If at all possible, give them some comfort level that you know what you are doing.

Second, I would tell them the truth. Tell them that you know deep in your heart that you are basically a good person, and this is something that will never change. Let them know that the God they believe in, as the Supreme Being, is infinitely greater than us in every conceivable way. Therefore, His love must also be far more encompassing and tolerant than the narrow interpretation of human beings. There is nothing in the Tao that goes against this.

Open up the channel of communication with your loved ones as soon as possible. Good luck!

www.Taoism.net

2007-08-16T22:49:00.000-07:00

Being in the Tao

Question: "Derek, why do we need to practice or cultivate anything in the Tao? By definition, the Tao is everything and everywhere, so why do we need to do anything at all when we are already immersed in it at all times, and can never be separated from it?"

Answer: It is true that we define the Tao as the totality of existence. Therefore, we do indeed live in the Tao at all times. If we stop at this point and go no further, then the idea that there is nothing to do seems to make sense. There is, however, more to the Tao than that.

The Tao is often compared to water. This water is not stagnant. It is alive and in constant motion, reflecting the state of constant change in the universe. That constant change means the Tao is always flowing. Therefore, if the Tao is like water, then it flows like a river.

Being immersed in the Tao is just like swimming in a river. The river's current has a definite direction. If we move with the current, everything is easy. The current carries us along for a fun and effortless ride. If we move against the current, it's a different story. We make little progress, and we get exhausted quickly.

It is exactly the same way with life. If we move with the flow of the Tao, life is fun. We enjoy good things like love and friendship seemingly without effort. If we move against the flow, life becomes a burden. There is much conflict, tension and stress, and in no time at all we are sick and tired from all the effort and strain.

With a river, it is easy to tell which direction it is flowing. We can see it and feel it. With the Tao, it is not quite so easy, because the Tao is formless and without substance. Unlike the water of the river, the Tao cannot be seen or felt. Our physical senses are simply not equipped to detect anything metaphysical. This means we can struggle against the Tao without realizing what we're doing. We encounter many obstacles in life, and yet have no idea that we are making things difficult for ourselves.

This is why some form of spiritual cultivation can be very beneficial. Over time, the practice will open up our metaphysical senses so we can become more aware of the flow. At the most basic level, we learn that fear, hatred, and vengeance function exactly opposite to the Tao, while harmony, respect, and kindness are oriented in exactly the same direction. At a higher level of cultivation, we become even more spiritually sensitive so that even in a difficult situation, we can still go with the flow.

So the answer to the question is yes and no. Yes, we are always in the Tao. No, it doesn't mean there is nothing for us to do. Visualize a river and this dharma will become crystal clear.

2007-08-10T16:33:00.000-07:00

Be Water

Bruce Lee often emphasized the importance of adapting to one's environment. He pointed out how water would become the cup when poured into a cup; it would become the bottle when poured into a bottle. "Be water, my friend" is one of his most famous quotes. It is a teaching straight from the Tao, which formed the basis of Lee's core beliefs.

This quote has also given rise to some questions, such as: "Derek, don't you think Bruce Lee's actions were inconsistent with his words? Water conforms to its environment, so if we are to be like water, then we should also conform to our environment. Back in Bruce Lee's days it was difficult for an Asian actor in America to find work, but through his persistent efforts he created a niche for himself and changed American cinema forever. Far from conforming to his environment, he had a big impact on it. How can you reconcile that with the Tao?"

This apparent paradox is what can pop up when we touch only the surface of a very deep spiritual philosophy. To find the answer, we need only to observe nature. Look at any river and notice how water has cut its own channel into solid ground. Look at any canyon and notice how water has carved out incredible structures out of mountains. It becomes obvious, then, that while water does indeed conform to its environment, that certainly isn't the only thing it does. Over time, the never-ending persistence of water creates astounding impacts on its environment. Isn't it interesting how water can do this, despite being the softest thing there is?

If we are to emulate water, we would embody not only its flexibility and adaptability, but also its transformational power. Bruce Lee worked within the movie industry in Hong Kong and Hollywood to make his mark upon the world. Applying his example to ourselves means we would also fit seamlessly into our chosen line of work, and then excel from within. We may not necessarily change the entire world, but it is an absolute certainty that we will be able to change our own personal world. We will then understand this Tao teaching in a whole new light....

Be water, my friend.

www.Taoism.net

2007-08-08T22:05:00.000-07:00

Science and the Tao

Question: Derek, is it possible for a scientist to believe in the Tao?

Answer: Yes. Some scientists already do, but they may not have a name for it, or they may call it by a different name. This doesn't matters at all, since "Tao" itself is just a label.

Let's use the great physicist Max Planck to illustrate this point. His name is not as easily recognized to non-scientists as Albert Einstein, but real scientists know that his achievements were no less astounding than Einstein's, and he occupies the same level of greatness in the history of physics.

Here's how the incredible mind of Max Planck regarded reality in his own words: "All matter originates and exists only by virtue of a force which brings the particle of an atom to vibration and holds this most minute solar system of the atom together. We must assume behind this force the existence of a conscious and intelligent mind. This mind is the matrix of all matter."

He probably had no idea what the term "Tao" meant. Nevertheless, he understood it quite well and called it "the matrix of all matter." Compare this to chapter 73 of Tao Te Ching. Lao Tzu described the very same concept as "the heavenly net," a vast and loose pattern in which everything is embedded. Both were pointing to the omnipresent, universal field of consciousness. Both were talking about the Tao. It cannot be any clearer than this - science and the Tao are completely compatible with one another.

www.Taoism.net

2007-08-07T07:41:00.000-07:00

Think Small

I admire Dr. Wayne Dyer. He has been studying the Tao for years, and now, with his new book and speaking engagements, he is sharing his discoveries with the world. I can think of no one else as capable and influential as he is when it comes to explaining the stunning beauty and practical power of the Tao.

One of the ideas he expresses with great clarity is "think small, achieve great things." Chapters 63 and 64 of the Tao Te Ching speak of this with clear, concise, graceful yet down-to-earth poetry. Rome was never built in a day; a truly great thing is the gradual accumulation of tiny increments. Dr. Dyer uses his own abstinence from alcohol to illustrate this point. He hasn't had a drink for twenty years which, by any standard, is a remarkable record. He was able to achieve this by focusing on only one day at a time, or even just on the present moment, one moment at a time. On any one day, he has no idea if perhaps the next day he will take his first drink in years; what he does know, with complete certainty, is that it won't be that particular day. It's the journey of ten thousand miles - the way to walk the great journey is by continuously putting one foot in front of the other, focusing only on one step at any given time.

Like many other ideas from the Tao, "think small" is the essence of powerful simplicity. It is so simple that we may be tempted to dismiss it with a shrug and "oh, I already know that." This attitude can cause us to miss its tremendous life-changing power. The one can really apply this idea to life, the one who can discipline himself to do a small amount of work toward a worthwhile goal every day - that is the person who shall enjoy great success. This simple idea has, in fact, transformed Jerry Seinfeld from a novice stand-up comic to arguably the biggest, most popular comedian ever.

Tremendous success by practicing "think small" is guaranteed. Not guaranteed by Lao Tzu, not guaranteed by the Tao Te Ching, but guaranteed by the very principles that underlie human existence - the Tao itself!

2007-07-30T13:38:00.000-07:00

Stillness

Think about how chaotic life can be. When we are born, we mark the moment with the baby's first cry - a howl with powerful emotions convulsing the whole body, a loud protest against the forced entry into this world.

It doesn't necessarily get easier after that. As kids, we compete with, or even fight against, other kids. When we grow up, things look a bit different but the strife remains the same. We jump into the rat race, trying to move ahead, get through the day, and make ends meet. There's so much happening, so many things moving all at once, it is as if we are caught in a storm.

Where is the Tao then, if life is a storm? The Tao is the innermost core of existence; it resides at the center of everything. In a world of constant change, the Tao is the eternal, unchanging principle. In a storm where we are lashed by winds and drenched by rain, the Tao is the eye of the storm.

The human being is a microcosm of the world, so sometimes we can find ourselves going through an emotional storm within. Those who do not know the Tao may find themselves at the mercy of this inner turmoil as it threatens to rage out of control. Those who understand the Tao will center themselves... and move into the eye of the storm at the innermost core of the soul.

We find peace, quiet, and calmness in the eye. It seems completely unlike the chaos of the storm, and yet without it the chaos cannot exist. It is a sort of stillness, but not the stillness of stagnation. Along with its peaceful tranquility, we can sense a palpable power, barely contained. After all, it is the central nexus that drives and orchestrates the myriad actions and movements that circulate endlessly around it. The eye is the silent source of infinite energy.

It is, in short, the Tao.

www.Taoism.net

2007-07-28T10:52:00.000-07:00

A Powerful Way to Cultivate

People may not be aware that in an authentic tradition of the Tao, there is a strong recommendation to cultivate the Tao as a couple. Tao cultivation isn't just for a man or a woman. It is for both - preferably as a unit.

A wonderful thing happens when the male and female energies cultivate together. The natural interplay of the two will form a dynamic, synergistic effect that is far greater than the sum of its parts. This synergy can be directed to propel both along the path, to support and inspire one another. Both will be able to progress rapidly in refining spirituality, understanding the self, and developing wisdom.

If there is someone in your life who can be your travel companion in this manner, then you already have this precious gift - truly something to cherish, something to rejoice.

2007-07-27T06:46:00.000-07:00

Little Sage

My friend Devin came to the weekly gathering a few weeks ago, and brought along his seven-year-old daughter Shea, who as always was delightful and incredibly well-behaved. We had lunch together and chatted about the Tao being no more or less than a label, like God. Shea asked: "What is the difference between Tao and God?"

I said the Tao was not regarded as a personified entity; her dad explained that it was more like an energy. I nodded and added: "Think of it as the energy behind everything."

"That's how I think of God," Shea offered confidently. "God is energy, not a person who punishes."

I told her, very truthfully, that I wished I had her brains when I was her age. :)

2007-07-26T22:08:00.000-07:00

What is Emptiness?

There is an important concept of emptiness, non-existence and non-being in the Tao, known as wu. There's no exact equivalent in the English language for wu, because it is more than just a state of nothingness. Wu is also full of possibilities just waiting for manifestation. Think of it as an emptiness bursting at the seams with powerful potential.

When we apply this to life, we find that for a Tao cultivator, being quiet means far more than a passive silence. It is a state of dynamic tranquility, full of potentialities for swift and effective action. When the cultivator completely clears his mind of cluttering thoughts, what remains isn't an empty void. Rather, it becomes a focal point of personal creation - seemingly containing nothing, and yet filled with invisible seeds of destiny. When harnessed in accordance with Tao teachings, this becomes the birthplace of powerful life transformations.

2007-07-11T11:12:00.000-07:00

Making a Personal Connection

One of the most rewarding things for me is making new friends who have discovered the Tao. A reader of Tao Te Ching: Annotated & Explained in Arkansas has contacted me to express an interest in joining our weekly Tao discussions through the Internet. We are currently using Yahoo Messenger (until a better solution comes along), so he installed the software on his laptop, and this morning we conducted a test.

Upon connection, he got a request from his firewall software to confirm that this two-way voice communication is not a hacking attempt. Once he gave his approval, we were able to hear one another. I had to move my microphone a bit further away in order to cut out static and improved clarity. After that, we could talk freely as if we were using a telephone. We then tested the mute function, which also worked well. Although my friend had no previous experience with Yahoo Messenger, he was able to get everything working perfectly the first time.

Our next step will be to test voice conferencing over three locations. If this works reliably, we will have much to be grateful for. This is an interesting juxtaposition: leveraging the latest technology to empower the discussion of the world's oldest spiritual philosophy - the Tao.

2007-06-19T06:53:00.000-07:00

Context-Neutral Complements: Taking Common Platitudes to the Next Level

When working toward your goal with diligence and discipline, you may encounter naysayers who express skepticism: "Aren't you being selfish when you work toward personal gain? How can that be the Tao?"

And heaven forbid you should aim for success in the material world. Because then the reaction may be: "Why are you being so materialistic? You should be more spiritual."

Notice the implied judgement, and the embedded idea that one is superior to the other - being selfless is good while being selfish is bad; being spiritual is good while being materialistic is bad. This is something we've all heard many times. Pretty much any church in the country will preach "don't be selfish, be selfless" and "don't be materialistic, be more spiritual."

The deeper reality is that the former isn't necessarily good and the latter isn't necessarily bad. Like many platitudes, these assertions are only the first step to wisdom, not the last word. Here's how the teachings from the Tao can take us higher:

1) We have all seen and experienced that when we are good to others, we receive goodness in return. This is so often true that we can easily identify it as a pattern of existence - an aspect of the Tao.

2) This truth operates under Principle One, which is all about oneness. Because of the deep connection between ourselves and others, when we give goodness to others, we are essentially and indirectly giving the same goodness to ourselves. Another observation we can make is that oftentimes the back-and-forth process imparts synergistic energy so the goodness that travels from one person to another becomes magnified and amplified.

3) This oneness is not a one-way street. It works in both directions. Thus, a goodness you give to yourself, when done in the Tao-minded fashion, becomes a goodness for others. We see this happen all the time - when you love and accept yourself, then you are able to love and accept others; when you respect yourself, then you gain the ability to give others the gift of genuine respect.

Therefore, "being selfish" by itself is neither positive or negative. It can be one or the other. Although the phrase has a negative connotation, it is entirely possible for a Tao cultivator to work for his own benefit in a way that is perfectly congruent with the Tao. This self-oriented benefit ends up being beneficial to others.

For instance, the Tao cultivator may work diligently to master a new subject. It seems as if he is pursuing learning for himself, and therefore selfish in a sense. But, when he has gained an understanding, he shares it with others. The benefit therefore passes on to many more people. Suddenly it's not just one person understanding it, it's ten people. The goodness has been magnified. And the person who teaches it ends up understanding it even better - the goodness has been amplified.

What about money? What about material pursuits? Trinkets? It is absolutely the same. The Tao cultivator may choose to pursue wealth in order to utilize that wealth for greater benefit of many more people around him.

There are quite a few people who consider themselves spiritual and look down on monetary pursuits. This attitude itself is a manifestation of arrogance. Right off the bat it is incongruent with the Tao. Real understanding of this teaching points to the fact that pursuing money, although often seen in a negative light, is itself completely context neutral, and can be either positive or negative depending on the person. The true Tao cultivator is someone who understands how to follow a seemingly "selfish" agenda in a Tao-oriented way, that ends up being more beneficial for everyone than if he were to take on a vow of poverty.

2007-05-12T09:29:00.000-07:00

The Language / Cultural Barrier

Here's one way to understand why most translations of the Tao Te Ching have so many distortions. It's one manifestation of a particular aspect of human nature.

Let's suppose you move to China and immerse yourself in the language and the culture. You assimilate completely and function in that society like any other Chinese person. You still retain your mastery of English, so it is natural and easy for you to turn your hand to translation.

Soon you realize that Chinese people regard the West through an aura of mystery. The language and cultural barrier means they sometimes misunderstand English words and Western thinking. You do the best you can to set the record straight whenever it is appropriate for you to do so.

One day you hear a Chinese motivational speaker give a speech. To make his point he uses the English word "steadfast" as a business principle. He tells the audience that the word is composed of "stead" and "fast", therefore being steadfast in business means you have to be resolute and steady in keeping to your mission statement, while also maintaining your ability to respond quickly to changing market conditions.

The audience loves it. They soak it right up. After the speech, they chat excitedly among themselves about this great insight from Western traditions, embedded in the very language itself.

You are not as excited, because you know that the "fast" in "steadfast" does not mean quickness. It means being still or unmoving, as in "fastener" or "hold fast." "Stead" of course has the context of "steady," "homestead," etc. So, combining the two together for emphasis, "steadfast" is ONLY about being firm and unwavering. It is not about some ancient teaching of a paradoxical wisdom. It's just a simple word with a fairly simple meaning.

You raise this issue and tell your Chinese friends that the speaker is seeing more than is actually there, or just plain making stuff up, but they don't want to let go of this exciting insight, so they resist. "Do you deny that 'fast' can also mean quickness? No? Alright, there you go. You have just answered your own question."

Overcome with frustration, you throw yourself off a cliff.

Okay, just kidding about that last part. But you see how the process works. It's a rather human trait, so we all make a mountain out of a mole hill sometimes. This is what causes many Westerners to believe that the Chinese word for "crisis" means "danger" and "opportunity" - it's the exact same type of misunderstanding.

2007-03-19T13:38:00.000-07:00

Money and Spirituality

I know a teacher of spirituality who teaches people how to align themselves with the Tao of success, so they can bring their dreams into reality. His definition of success includes financial prosperity with no apologies whatsoever. His teachings in that area of life resembles a more powerful version of Deepak Chopra's Seven Spiritual Laws of Success.

Upon seeing this, there are some seekers of spirituality who take offense. "Excuse me," they ask, "but isn't being greedy diametrically opposite to being spiritual?"

"You are mixing up different concepts," the teacher replies. "Greed is the lack of moderation in pursuing money. It is the lack of moderation that drives us away from spirituality, not the pursuit of money."

"So instead of learning to meditate or being present in the moment, we should learn all about how to make lots of money? That's ridiculous."

"Again, you are mixing things up. A poor person can be highly spiritual, not spiritual at all, or anywhere in between. Same with a rich person. To think that one has to choose one or the other is a false dichotomy, because there is nothing wrong with choosing both at the same time. Be careful whenever you are presented with a either-or proposition. Always regard 'neither' and 'both' as possible options to consider as well."

"Look... it simply does not feel right to talk about acquiring ever more material things when there are so many people in the world who live under such crushing poverty."

"It's actually the other way around. No amount of poverty on my part will help ease their suffering in the slightest. On the other hand, the more resources I possess, the more I can do for them."

2007-02-22T11:35:00.000-08:00

Diligence and Discipline

Question from a good friend: "It would be great if you can elaborate on the reasons discipline and diligence are perfectly congruent with Tao and why indifference and apathy are not in keeping with the Tao as found in Chinese Culture."

My answer:

Tao sages observe nature, note the way nature functions, then look for correspondence in daily life.

The ancient Chinese were an agrarian society, so their insights tend to come from that perspective. They note the way plants grow - a little bit every day, keeps going without pause, and although it is not possible to see much difference from one day to the next, over a time span of months it makes very definite progress. Over a time span of many years, a sapling becomes a mighty tree.

This is the pattern everywhere in nature. Events that seem quite sudden (perhaps lightning or volcanic eruption) are invariably the result of a gradual buildup of force. Far from being exceptions, they prove the rule.

As the plant grows, its growth is not subject to whim. That is, it doesn't only grow when it feels like growing. It grows consistently and it sustains this growth over a long period of time.

Is the plant taking contrived action in its growth? No, it is simply being itself, following its nature, fulfilling its potential.

Everything above is mirrored in a long journey (i.e. the journey of a thousand miles). The best way to take on this trip is steady progress, carried out at the natural rate of speed, which is not too fast and not too slow.

The important thing is being consistent. The fable we all know about the tortoise and the hare illustrates the exact same principle.

This pattern is also reflected in life. To achieve your purpose, go toward fulfilling your potential, whatever that may be for you, you also need to take myriad journeys of a thousand miles. Just like walking, the best way to proceed is one step at a time, slowly but surely. Before you know it, your dream becomes reality.

This is the mechanics of how "disciplined and diligent" gives you real, long-term, measurable benefits.

Again, let me emphasize the practical nature of the Chinese way of thinking. The ideal is achieving prosperity in every aspect of life: materially as well as spiritually. Chapter 1 clearly tells us the two are one and the same. Being rich but suffering from stress falls short of this ideal; in the same way, feeling at peace but not able to afford the good things in life you want - that is also falling short.

Reference: chapter 64 of TTC.

2007-02-08T08:33:00.000-08:00

How Many Mystics Does It Take to Change a Light Bulb?

The following are the witty, hilarious responses from the members of the Tea House online community:

One. However many it takes to change the light bulb, all are one.

No particular number – one to change the bulb and the rest will simply experience the moment.

None, they don’t need light bulbs. They are already enlightened.

And the following are answers by group orientation:

New Ager: None, because the light bulb is perfect as it is and doesn’t need to be changed.

Philosopher: What does the light bulb represent? What do you mean by mystics? Change? Define change.

Buddhist: There is no mystic. There is no light bulb. It's all illusory - just a dream that we wake up from when we become enlightened.

Christian: Only one, but it won't matter. That mystic is sinning against God by practicing mysticism and nothing will save him from God's wrath and retribution.

Confucianist: One. The changer shall treat the light bulb respectfully as it is removed. The old bulb shall be praised for being of service in the past, and the new bulb shall be equally praised for taking up the responsibility. Only then will the house owner, the old bulb, and the new bulb live in harmony and mutual respect.

Tao cultivator: It is the emptiness of a socket without a bulb that makes it useful as a receptacle.

The above is from my recollection, which may be spotty. For the original posts and proper credit attribution, please use the following link:

Tea House 2.0

2007-02-08T07:59:00.000-08:00

Dynamic Balance

Question: What does "dynamic balance" mean?

It refers to a real-world situation where you make constant adjustments to move closer to the point of equilibrium.

Think of a trained seal balancing a club on its nose. At any instant the club is slightly off-balance, but the seal moves accordingly to compensate and bring it back around a closer approximation of balance.

Many high-level Tao cultivators seem to intuitively grasp the understanding that balance in life does not mean a stagnant and changeless state. Instead, real balance is a dynamic, living, breathing thing. To attain it, we remain perceptive of the situation, the environment around us, and other people. We maintain flexibility and agility, so that we can adjust quickly and calmly from one moment to the next. That, to me, is the meaning of dynamic balance.

2007-01-17T17:49:00.000-08:00

The Taoist Position

I am often asked what the Taoist position is on a particular issue, and my answer is always that such a thing does not really exist. The practice of Tao cultivation isn't like the typical form of organized religion, where there is a readily identifiable central authority. There is, for instance, no equivalent to the Pope or the Ten Commandments in Tao cultivation, and therefore no pronouncements of "official" positions on anything. Instead, it is up to us to think for ourselves. This freedom to claim absolute mastery of one's own mind can be exhiliarating, but to some it can also be very scary.

This paradigm is perfectly in accordance with the Tao because the Tao is the way of nature, and nature has given each one of us a brain with which to observe, reason, and conclude. There is nothing more natural for us to make use of this capability - all of it, the rational as well as the intuitive. It can only be unnatural if we give up this birthright and rely on someone else do the thinking for us.

This is not to say followers of mainsteam religions are unthinking drones, of course - only that an authentic practice of the Tao will emphasize a cultivator's sovereignty and responsibility over his or her own thoughts. All the chapters in the Tao Te Ching that talk about rulers underscore this very point.

This is why there can be as many Taoist positions on a controversial subject as there are Tao cultivators in the world. So when I'm asked about the Taoist position - the definitive perspective of the Tao - the best I can offer is one Taoist position - the definitive opinion of me, myself and I.

2006-12-08T12:41:00.000-08:00

Road Rage

Many years ago, I had an experience while driving that I'm sure would be recognized and shared by many people: I got caught behind a slow driver.

I immediately looked for a way to change lanes, but it was already too late. The traffic in the next lane was dense, and everyone was going so much faster than the car in front of me that there was no hope of me escaping the trap.

As I continued driving slowly, I became increasingly impatient. Then, impatience turned into frustration, then anger. Who was this idiot in front of me? Did he have any idea the inconvenience he was causing me?

I thought furiously: If you can't drive, you should just stay home! Stay off the roads!

After a while of this, steam started coming out of my ears. Then I noticed in my rear-view mirror that there was a gap in the traffic pattern approaching from behind. Okay, this was it - my one chance for freedom!

I hit the turn signal and my head whipped back and forth. I checked over the shoulder, checked in front of me, looked behind again, snapped to the front again.... Soon, the opening drew near and I swerved into it. Yes! I'm out of the trap! The clouds parted and angels descended to sing a chorus of heavenly melody.

But I was still angry. The greater speed of my lane lets me pass the slow driver, and as I was passing him I turned my head to glare at this villain who caused me so much pain and misery.

His profile was very familiar. Wait, I knew this person! It was Father Montgomery.

I was not of his creed, but I knew Father Montgomery quite well. He was a kind and gentle soul. He worked tirelessly for his community and was a great mentor to young people. I considered Father Montgomery a good friend.

Then I noticed something strange. All that anger, all that bottled-up rage, vanished into thin air. Father Montgomery was concentrating on the road and did not see me, but at the sight of him all my negative feelings of impatience and frustration were gone, replaced by fond memories, warmth and goodwill.

It was as if all the negativity I experienced was but a powerful illusion. When the truth emerged, the illusory mental suffering and misery cleared up in an instant.

So... what if this was not Father Montgomery, but someone I did not know? Then the illusion would probably persist. I would in all likelihood continue to cook myself with the flames of anger. But... this meant my road rage was dependent on whether I know the driver or not. That's silly, no?

What if this was someone I didn't know, but would get to know at some point in the future? Suppose this person is destined to become a good friend, just like Father Montgomery? In a large city, it is of course unlikely that a random stranger on the road turns up in a social situation later on, but it's definitely not impossible. It can happen.

We can also push this thought process another step forward. All the drivers who get on my nerves when I drive - every last one of them - have the potential of becoming friends. When I contemplate that and realize the truth of it, I discover it is simply impossible to get mad at them. Any of them.

A major characteristic of Tao cultivation is that there is no need for suppression, only clarity. Negative emotional poison like anger, fear, and hatred need not be suppressed by an exercise of willpower. They disappear naturally, with no coercion or strife, when we see reality clearly.

In fact, the more clearly we perceive, the easier it is to hold on to the state of calm happiness. The amount of anger, and the difficulty of holding it in check, are inversely proportional to how well we perceive the myriad levels of existence. Thus, total clarity means zero-effort serenity. This is the Tao of the Road Without Rage.

2006-12-07T13:57:00.000-08:00

Motivating the Self

Chapter 63 of the Tao Te Ching contains the following golden nuggets of wisdom:

Plan difficult tasks through the simplest tasks
Achieve large tasks through the smallest tasks
The difficult tasks of the world
Must be handled through the simple tasks
The large tasks of the world
Must be handled through the small tasks
Therefore, sages never attempt great deeds all through life
Thus they can achieve greatness

This is both clear and useful. I leverage it as a way to overcome inertia. Sometimes I know I must get certain things done, but somehow cannot get myself started. I procrastinate and make excuses. When this happens, I look at the tasks I need to complete, and identify the simplest or smallest one. If the task isn't small enough, that just means I have to break it down more.

Once I have the smallest and simplest thing to do, it's usually something that requires next to no effort, so it's very easy to get myself moving on it. It is also something that takes little time, so pretty soon I'm feeling good about having gotten a small item out of the way. This positive feeling generates its own energy, which I can then use to propel myself toward the next smallest and / or easiest goal.

This process continues on, and usually by the third or fourth tiny task, I'm thoroughly energized and motivated and can easily get myself going full speed ahead.